In this study, the surface of steel was coated with a Mg-Al-pAB-LDH coating in order to enhance its corrosion resistance in the marine environment. The crystal structure, micro-morphology, and chemical composition of the Mg-Al-pAB-LDH coating were characterised using physicochemical techniques. The corrosion protection performance in a simulated marine environment was evaluated through electrochemical methods. The results indicate that the Mg-Al-pAB-LDH coating effectively adsorbs chloride ions from the environment, thereby increasing the corrosion potential of the steel in chloride environments and reducing its corrosion current density. In addition, the Mg-Al-pAB-LDH coating applied to the surface of steel not only enhances the corrosion resistance in the marine environment but also possesses self-healing capabilities in areas of local damage to the steel surface.