The development of ecofriendly synthetic protocols for
the fabrication
of nonspherical gold (Au) nanoobjects with localized surface plasmon
resonance (LSPR) falling in the near-infrared (NIR) region is one
challenging topic in modern materials science. Among others, such
metallic nanostructures have intriguing applications in nanomedicine
because of their photothermal properties activated by light excitation
in the so-called therapeutic window (λmax = 650–1300
nm). Here we report an unprecedented, simple, and “green”
methodology to prepare water-dispersible Au nanotriangles and nanoflowers
with NIR LSPR (λmax = 850–1250 nm). They are
obtained in a single step at room temperature and in a few minutes
by using one of the most biologically relevant molecules, nitric oxide
(NO), generated by visible-light irradiation of a tailored β-cyclodextrin-branched
polymer, without the need of preformed seeds, external reducing and
sacrificial agents, conventional surfactants, and stabilizing ligands.
Biocompatibility and effective photothermal applications of these
metallic nanostructures are demonstrated by a photothermally activated
enzymatic reaction and photothermal-induced sarcoma cancer cell mortality
using 808 nm light. This approach may pave the way for completely
unexplored, facile, and bio/ecofriendly synthetic protocols based
on the photogeneration of NO through biocompatible polymeric scaffolds,
for the preparation of Au nanostructures directed toward bioapplications.