One‐Time Tillage of No‐Till: Effects on Nutrients, Mycorrhizae, and Phosphorus Uptake

Garcia, Jake; Wortmann, Charles S.; Mamo, Martha; Drijber, Rhae A.; Tarkalson, David D.

doi:10.2134/agronj2006.0261

Cited by 68 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Abbott and Robson (1991) had already postulated that if an early and rapid infection with AMF is positively related to yield response, early AMF infection might be a useful parameter for screening genotypes for P uptake efficiency. This may be more efficient in supporting farmers in the West African Sahel than developing approaches that rely on artificial AFM inoculation ( Garcia et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of early mycorrhization and colonized root length on low‐soil‐phosphorus resistance of West African pearl millet

Beggi

Falalou²,

Hash³

et al. 2016

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Phosphorus (P) deficiency at early seedling stages is a critical determinant for survival and final yield of pearl millet in multi‐stress Sahelian environments. Longer roots and colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance P uptake and crop performance of millet. Assessing the genotypic variation of early mycorrhization and its effect on plant growth is necessary to better understand mechanisms of resistance to low soil P and to use them in breeding strategies for low P. Therefore, in this study, eight pearl millet varieties contrasting in low‐P resistance were grown in pots under low P (no additional P supply) and high P (+ 0.4 g P pot−1) conditions, and harvested 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after sowing (WAS). Root length was calculated 2 WAS by scanning of dissected roots and evaluation with WinRhizo software. AM infection (%) and P uptake (shoot P concentration multiplied per shoot dry matter) were measured at each harvest. Across harvests under low P (3.3 mg Bray P kg−1), resistant genotypes had greater total root length infected with AMF (837 m), higher percentage of AMF colonization (11.6%), and increased P uptake (69.4 mg P plant−1) than sensitive genotypes (177 m, 7.1% colonization and 46.4 mg P plant−1, respectively). Two WAS, resistant genotypes were infected almost twice as much as sensitive ones (4.1% and 2.1%) and the individual resistant genotypes differed in the percentage of AMF infection. AMF colonization was positively related to final dry matter production in pots, which corresponded to field performance. Early mycorrhization enhanced P uptake in pearl millet grown under P‐deficient conditions, with the genotypic variation for this parameter allowing selection for better performance under field conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of early mycorrhization and colonized root length on low‐soil‐phosphorus resistance of West African pearl millet

Beggi

Falalou²,

Hash³

et al. 2016

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…High concentrations of P in surface soil under ConsT have been reduced through tillage operations (Sharpley, 2003;Garcia et al, 2007). Tillage in ConvT and RotaT not only dilutes high soil P by redistributing relatively immobile P; it also increases P sorption at the soil surface (Sharpley, 2003;Watkins et al, 2012), thus reducing the concentration of Olsen P in the surface soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of Conservation Tillage to Rotational Tillage to Reduce Phosphorus Losses during Snowmelt Runoff in the Canadian Prairies

et al. 2014

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In a preceding study, converting conventional tillage (ConvT) to conservation tillage (ConsT) was reported to decrease nitrogen (N) but to increase phosphorus (P) losses during snowmelt runoff. A field-scale study was conducted from 2004 to 2012 to determine if conversion of ConsT to rotational tillage (RotaT), where conservation tillage was interrupted by a fall tillage pass every other year, could effectively reduce P losses compared with ConsT. The RotaT study was conducted on long-term paired watersheds established in 1993. The ConvT field in the pair has remained under ConvT practice since 1993, whereas tillage was minimized on the ConsT field from 1997 until 2007. In fall 2007, RotaT was introduced to the ConsT field, and heavy-duty cultivator passes were conducted in the late fall of years 2007, 2009, and 2011. Runoff volume and nutrient content were monitored at the edge of the two fields, and soil and crop residue samples were taken in each field. Greater soil Olsen P and more P released from crop residue are likely the reasons for the increased P losses in the ConsT treatment (2004-2007) relative to the ConvT treatment (2004-2007). Analysis of covariance indicated that, compared with ConsT (2004-2007), RotaT (2008-2012) increased the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by 62%, total dissolved N (TDN) by 190%, and total N (TN) by 272% and increased the loads of DOC by 34%, TDN by 34%, and TN by 60%. However, RotaT (2008-2012) decreased soil test P in surface soil, P released from crop residue, and duration of runoff compared with ConsT (2004-2007) and thus decreased the concentrations of total dissolved P (TDP) by 46% and total P (TP) by 38% and decreased the loads of TDP by 56% and TP by 42%. In the Canadian Prairies, where P is a major environmental concern compared with N, RotaT was demonstrated to be an effective practice to reduce P losses compared with ConsT.

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“…As part of a study to determine effects of occasional tillage on NT systems (García et al, 2007; Quincke et al, 2007), this research addressed the hypothesis that deep inversion tillage could be done with minimal short‐term loss of SOC. The objective was to determine the effect of different one‐time tillage operations on short‐term CO 2 losses, and on the mass and vertical distribution of total and labile SOC.…”

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confidence: 99%

Occasional Tillage of No‐Till Systems: Carbon Dioxide Flux and Changes in Total and Labile Soil Organic Carbon

et al. 2007

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation occurs mostly in the top 5 cm of soil with continuous no-till (NT) while SOC losses often occur at deeper depths. We hypothesize that one-time tillage conducted once in .10 yr to mix the high SOC surface layer with deeper soil will not result in large SOC losses following tillage with a net positive gain in SOC eventually. Two experiments in long-term NT fields were installed under rainfed corn (Zea mays L.) or sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.)Moench.] rotated with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in eastern Nebraska. Tillage treatments were applied in the spring or fall and included: NT, disk, chisel with 10-cm wide twisted shanks, moldboard plow (MP), and mini-moldboard plow (miniMP). A portable infrared gas analyzer was used to monitor CO 2 flux immediately following tillage. Effect of tillage on profile distribution of total and labile (particulate and oxidizable) SOC was determined. At 24 to 32 mo following tillage, SOC mass was determined for depths of 0 to 5, 5 to 20, and 20 to 30 cm. Some tillage operations effectively redistributed total J.A. Quincke, INIA La Estanzuela, CC 39173 Colonia, Uruguay; C.S. Wortmann, M. Mamo, and R. Drijber, 279 Plant Science, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915; and T. Franti,

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One‐Time Tillage of No‐Till: Effects on Nutrients, Mycorrhizae, and Phosphorus Uptake

Cited by 68 publications

References 56 publications

Effects of early mycorrhization and colonized root length on low‐soil‐phosphorus resistance of West African pearl millet

Effects of early mycorrhization and colonized root length on low‐soil‐phosphorus resistance of West African pearl millet

Conversion of Conservation Tillage to Rotational Tillage to Reduce Phosphorus Losses during Snowmelt Runoff in the Canadian Prairies

Occasional Tillage of No‐Till Systems: Carbon Dioxide Flux and Changes in Total and Labile Soil Organic Carbon

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