One-way Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering beyond qubits

Abstract

Quantum steering has been exploited as an important resource in nowadays quantum information processing. It is inherently directional and doesn't necessitate the state is of asymmetric form. However, some asymmetric states are revealed to be unidirectional which can manifest steering only in specific direction, thus are called one-way steering. Existing works focused on one-way steering in qubit system. Here we propose a family of two-partite states that is one-way steerable in arbitrarydimensional system. In particular, we demonstrate how one-way steering manifests in two-qutrit system. Moreover, we develop a model for characterizing one-way steering with the experimental losses are counted, with which the tradeoff relation between losses and measurement settings in steering test in higher-dimensional system is investigated. Our loss-counted model works for any finite dimensional system with any finite measurement settings as well.