One way only to synchrotron light sources upgrade?

Abstract

The last decade has seen a renaissance of machine-physics studies and technological advancements that aim to upgrade at least 15 synchrotron light sources worldwide to diffraction-limited storage rings. This is expected to improve the average spectral brightness and transversally coherent fraction of photons by several orders of magnitude in the soft- and hard-X-ray wavelength range, at the expense of pulse durations longer than ∼80 ps FWHM. This paper discusses the compatibility of schemes for the generation of sub-picosecond photon-pulse durations in synchrotron light sources with standard multi-bunch user operation and, in particular, diffraction-limited electron optics design. The question of this compatibility is answered taking into consideration the storage ring beam energy and the constraint of existing synchrotrons' infrastructure. An alternative scheme for the upgrade of medium-energy synchrotron light sources to diffraction-limited storage rings and the simultaneous production of picosecond-long photon pulses in a high-gain free-electron laser scheme are illustrated.

X-ray-Based Techniques to Study the Nano–Bio Interface

“…However, by using low-emittance synchrotron sources with diffraction-limited storage rings, both from the current third-generation ( i . e ., DESY or NSLS) , and increasingly from the fourth-generation instruments, − nanofocused beams providing increased photon flux and coherence are possible, and thus scattering can be carried out locally with high spatial resolution, enabling improved imaging modalities.…”

“…In parallel to the advantages outlined in the previous section on scattering techniques, through the use of synchrotron sources (especially from the fourth generation), − X-ray spectroscopy can be carried out locally with high spatial resolution, giving way to improved imaging modalities.…”

“…Developments in silicon drift detector array chips will increase throughput of the large-area, XRF detector arrays by orders of magnitude . Additionally, the fourth generation of synchrotron radiation sources (ESRF, MAX IV, and upcoming implementation of APS-U and PETRA IV at DESY) will provide access to much brighter and more coherent X-ray photon beams. − These advances will help to increase the sensitivity of X-ray-based analytic techniques ( e.g , sub-ppm for XRF imaging currently) . Moreover, such improvements can dramatically reduce the irradiation time needed to obtain good quality data, enabling information collecting from larger populations and minimizing the damage to samples.…”

Worthwhile Relevance of Infrared Spectroscopy in Characterization of Samples and Concept of Infrared Spectroscopy-Based Synchrotron Radiation

“…Infrared based synchrotron radiation provides an efficient technique to characterize chemical compounds crosswise surfaces to determine the sample's chemical composition [93,94]. Synchrotron radiation (SR) is the intense light produced by a synchrotron [95][96][97]. It covers a very wide electromagnetic spectrum from radio waves to infrared, visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays [98].…”

Demonstration of a picosecond Bragg switch for hard X-rays in a synchrotron-based pump–probe experiment

“…This mode reduces the total photon flux due to the low filling charge and is therefore only offered a few weeks per year. Currently, an upgrade project is planned for the BESSY II synchrotron (Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, 2015) which will provide a permanent improved low-mode after the installation of additional RF cavities in the storage ring (Di Mitri, 2018).…”