One-year mental health outcomes in a cohort of COVID-19 survivors

Mazza, Mario Gennaro; Palladini, Mariagrazia; Lorenzo, Rebecca De; Bravi, B.; Poletti, Sara; Furlan, Roberto; Ciceri, Fabio; Rovere‐Querini, Patrizia; Benedetti, Francesco; Vai, Benedetta; Bollettini, Irene; Melloni, Elisa; Mazza, Elena; Aggio, Veronica; Calesella, Federico; Paolini, Marco; Caselani, Elisa; Colombo, Federica; D'Orsi, G.; Pasquasio, Camilla Di; Fiore, Paola; Calvisi, Stefania; Canti, Valentina; Castellani, Jacopo; Cilla, Marta; Cinel, Elena; Damanti, Sarah; Ferrante, Marica; Martinenghi, Sabina; Chiara, Santini; Vitali, Giordano

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.11.031

Cited by 80 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Fatigue was very prevalent in our sample, as 82.3% of individuals reported clinically significant levels of fatigue on the MFIS. This exceeds the prevalence reported in some reviews that estimated fatigue in about 30% of COVID-19 patients [ 9 – 11 ]. This discrepancy might be explained by the characteristics of our sample, which included COVID-19 patients with subjective cognitive complaints.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…Reviews on the prevalence of fatigue after COVID-19 estimate that between 9 and 49% of patients show fatigue 4 weeks after symptom onset, while around 30% experience it 12 and 16 weeks after [ 9 , 10 ]. A recent study even reported that fatigue may persist for 12 months in at least one third of post-COVID-19 patients [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the evidence that neuropsychiatric symptoms and fatigue are strongly associated, it is important to acknowledge that this association might be partially driven by the similarity of clinical symptoms, especially in people with depression [ 4 ]. Additionally, it has been shown that pre-existing diagnosis of depression may increase the severity of fatigue in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 11 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-COVID-19 fatigue: the contribution of cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms

et al. 2022

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Fatigue in its many forms of physical, mental, and psychosocial exhaustion is a common symptom of post-COVID-19 condition, also known as “Long COVID.” Persistent fatigue in COVID-19 patients is frequently accompanied by cognitive dysfunction and neuropsychiatric symptoms; however, less is known about the relationships between these components of post-COVID-19 condition and fatigue itself. Consequently, the present study sought to (1) distinguish the types of fatigue experienced by participants, and (2) investigate whether cognitive deficits across various domains and neuropsychiatric conditions predicted these different types of fatigue. The study included 136 COVID-19 patients referred for neuropsychological evaluation due to cognitive complaints 8 months on average after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Measures included self-reported fatigue (physical, cognitive, and psychosocial), neuropsychiatric questionnaires (assessing symptoms of depression, anxiety, apathy, and executive functioning), a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, and self-reported quality of life and everyday functioning. Results showed that reports of clinical significant fatigue were pervasive in our sample (82.3% of participants), with physical fatigue rated highest on average relative to the subscale maximum. Elevated levels of apathy, anxiety, and executive dysfunction in neuropsychiatric measures along with executive and attentional difficulties on cognitive tests were found to be consistently important predictors among different types of fatigue. This implicates both cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms as predictors of fatigue in post-COVID-19 condition, and stresses the importance of a holistic approach in assessing and considering potential treatment for COVID-19 patients experiencing fatigue.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-COVID-19 fatigue: the contribution of cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms

et al. 2022

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“…However, this study found no relationship between COVID-19 severity and psychiatric outcomes. The authors suggest that psychiatric consequences may be less an outcome of COVID-19 infection, and more a result of social isolation and its associated sequelae 8 .…”

Section: Understanding Trends and Factors Impacting Mental Health Imp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as more longitudinal studies emerge, it is apparent that mental health impact may vary and evolve among older adults depending on their individual circumstances. Longitudinal data are sharpening our understanding of the long-term effects of COVID among recoverees 8 , long COVID 9 , the impact of physical and social distancing 10 and the disproportionate impact on the health of people with dementia and especially their caregivers 11 , 12 , 13 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Years of COVID-19: Understanding Impact and Implications for the Mental Health of Older Adults

Cray

Vahia

2022

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

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Comparison of Depression and Anxiety Following Self-reported COVID-19–Like Symptoms vs SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity in France

et al. 2023

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ImportanceThe long-term consequences of COVID-19 on mental health are a critical issue given the number of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 worldwide since the beginning of the pandemic.ObjectiveTo investigate the associations between self-reported COVID-19–like symptoms or SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and subsequent depression or anxiety.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis propensity score–matched cohort study began in May 2020, with follow-ups in November 2020 and July 2021. The study used data from a large, randomly selected, national population–based cohort from France, the EpiCoV (Epidémiologie et Conditions de Vie) study. Of 85 074 individuals 15 years or older who completed the questionnaires at the 3 collection times, 28 568 were excluded because they did not return a blood sample for serologic testing, 1994 because of missing data on outcomes or exposures, and 9252 to respect the temporal sequence (exposure must precede the outcome).ExposuresPropensity scores based on various socioeconomic, lifestyle, and health variables were computed to match participants who experienced COVID-19–like symptoms between February and November 2020 or showed SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in November 2020.Main Outcomes and MeasuresLogistic regression models were used to estimate associations between these occurrences and depression or anxiety assessed in July 2021 using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scales, respectively.ResultsAmong the 45 260 included participants (mean [SD] age, 51.1 [18.9] years; 52.4% women; 8.0% with depression and 5.3% with anxiety in July 2021), COVID-19–like symptoms were associated with subsequent depression (adjusted odds ratio, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.45-1.99) and anxiety (adjusted OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.29-1.92), whereas SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was not. Furthermore, COVID-19–like symptoms, but not anosmia or dysgeusia alone, were associated with subsequent depression and anxiety in both the seropositive and seronegative subgroups.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of more than 45 000 individuals drawn from the French general population, SARS-CoV-2 infection was not found as a risk factor of subsequent depression or anxiety. Moreover, self-reported COVID-19–like symptoms were associated with depression and anxiety assessed at least 8 months later in both seropositive and seronegative subgroups, suggesting that factors other than SARS-CoV-2 infection are implied in this association.

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One-year mental health outcomes in a cohort of COVID-19 survivors

Cited by 80 publications

References 35 publications

Post-COVID-19 fatigue: the contribution of cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms

Post-COVID-19 fatigue: the contribution of cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms

Two Years of COVID-19: Understanding Impact and Implications for the Mental Health of Older Adults

Comparison of Depression and Anxiety Following Self-reported COVID-19–Like Symptoms vs SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity in France

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