Ongoing green peafowl protection in China

Wu, Fei; Kong, Dejun; Shan, Peng-Fei; Wang, Jie; Kung’u, Gladys Nyakeru; Lu, Guolin; Yang, Xuefei

doi:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.069

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It has been reported that fish myeloid cells and IgM + B cells phagocytize microbes. [49,50] In the present study, serum IgM from E. piscicida-infected tilapia, especially after secondary infection, coated the pathogen (Figure 2B,C) and enhanced the phagocytosis by myeloid cells (Figure 2D) and IgM + B cells (Figure 2E,F). Meanwhile, the enhanced phagocytosis was impaired when the cells were treated with cytochalasin B (Figure 2G), suggesting the specific opsonic function of tilapia IgM.…”

Section: T Cells Are Indispensable For Proper B Cell Response In Tilapiasupporting

confidence: 54%

Glutamine Metabolism Underlies the Functional Similarity of T Cells between Nile Tilapia and Tetrapod

Wei

Jiao

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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As the lowest organisms possessing T cells, fish are instrumental for understanding T cell evolution and immune defense in early vertebrates. This study established in Nile tilapia models suggests that T cells play a critical role in resisting Edwardsiella piscicida infection via cytotoxicity and are essential for IgM+ B cell response. CD3 and CD28 monoclonal antibody crosslinking reveals that full activation of tilapia T cells requires the first and secondary signals, while Ca2+–NFAT, MAPK/ERK, NF‐κB, and mTORC1 pathways and IgM+ B cells collectively regulate T cell activation. Thus, despite the large evolutionary distance, tilapia and mammals such as mice and humans exhibit similar T cell functions. Furthermore, it is speculated that transcriptional networks and metabolic reprogramming, especially c‐Myc‐mediated glutamine metabolism triggered by mTORC1 and MAPK/ERK pathways, underlie the functional similarity of T cells between tilapia and mammals. Notably, tilapia, frogs, chickens, and mice utilize the same mechanisms to facilitate glutaminolysis‐regulated T cell responses, and restoration of the glutaminolysis pathway using tilapia components rescues the immunodeficiency of human Jurkat T cells. Thus, this study provides a comprehensive picture of T cell immunity in tilapia, sheds novel perspectives for understanding T cell evolution, and offers potential avenues for intervening in human immunodeficiency.

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Section: T Cells Are Indispensable For Proper B Cell Response In Tilapiasupporting

confidence: 54%

Glutamine Metabolism Underlies the Functional Similarity of T Cells between Nile Tilapia and Tetrapod

Wei

Jiao

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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“…In our exhaustive field surveys, we did not find evidence of Green Peafowl presence in areas where they are supposed to occur, such as in the counties of Jinghong, Longchuan, Longling, Ruili, and Changning [26]. Remaining populations are still threatened with extirpation if appropriate conservation measures are not employed optimally and timely [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

The Range Contraction and Future Conservation of Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus) in China

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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The Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus) is vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures and has undergone an extensive decline through much of its range in Southeast Asia. However, little is known about the changing distribution of Green Peafowl in China through historical periods. We described a 5000–6000 years distribution change of Green Peafowl in China by using historical archives. We examined the present distributions of Green Peafowl by using camera traps and transect surveys and predicted the suitable habitat to support future conservation planning for this species. Although Green Peafowl was once widely distributed across China, the species experienced a southward range retreat over the past 5000–6000 years and is now restricted to a small part of Yunnan. The results of prediction from maximum entropy modeling (MaxEnt) showed that the size of suitable habitat of Green Peafowl in Yunnan was 17,132 km2. The suitable habitat concentrated in nine prefectures of Yunnan and Pu’er, Chuxiong, and Yuxi accounted for 48.64%, 27.39% and 15.83%, respectively. These results suggest that central Yunnan can cover most of the current larger and more contiguous populations of Green Peafowl in China and should be protected. Moreover, some areas in southern Yunnan, such as Xishuangbanna, can be a candidate for reestablishing populations, given that the species disappeared in this region less than 20 years ago and has a large remaining habitat.

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“…Over the past three decades, the endangered wild green peafowl as the only peafowl native to China, has experienced sharp population declines and faced the problem of habitat fragmentation 14,15 . In order to respond to the Convention on Biological Diversity and save the endangered wild green peafowl 158 , the Chinese government has issued a number of protection policies, including banning poaching and captive breeding 21,159 . The wild green peafowl can hybridize with blue peafowl and produce fertile off-spring that can backcross with ancestral species 160 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic evidence for hybridization and introgression between blue peafowl and green peafowl and selection for white plumage

Wang,

Ban,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The blue peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and the green peafowl (Pavo muticus) have significant public affection due to their stunning appearance, although the green peafowl is currently endangered. Some studies have suggested introgression between these the two species, although evidence is mixed. In this study, we successfully assembled a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome of the blue peafowl, including the autosomes, Z and W sex chromosomes as well as a complete mitochondria DNA sequence. Data from 77 peafowl whole genomes, 76 peafowl mitochondrial genomes and 33 peahen W chromosomes genomes provide the first substantial genetic evidence for recent hybridization between green and blue peafowl. We found three hybrid green peafowls in zoo samples rather than in the wild samples, with blue peafowl genomic content of 16-34%. Maternal genetic analysis showed that two of the hybrid female green peafowls contained complete blue peafowl mitochondrial genomes and W chromosomes. Hybridization of endangered species with its relatives is extremely detrimental to conservation. Some animal protection agencies release captive green peafowls in order to maintain the wild population of green peafowls. Therefore, in order to better protect the endangered green peafowl, we suggest that purebred identification must be carried out before releasing green peafowls from zoos into the wild in order to preventing the hybrid green peafowl from contaminating the wild green peafowl. In addition, we also found that there were historical introgression events of green peafowl to blue peafowl in four Zoo blue peafowl individuals. The introgressed genomic regions contain IGFBP1 and IGFBP2 genes that could affect blue peafowl body size. Finally, we identified that the nonsense mutation (g.4:12583552G>A) in the EDNRB2 gene is the genetic causative mutation for white feather color of blue peafowl (also called white peafowl), which prevents melanocytes from being transported into feathers, such that melanin cannot be deposited.

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Ongoing green peafowl protection in China

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Glutamine Metabolism Underlies the Functional Similarity of T Cells between Nile Tilapia and Tetrapod

Glutamine Metabolism Underlies the Functional Similarity of T Cells between Nile Tilapia and Tetrapod

The Range Contraction and Future Conservation of Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus) in China

Genomic evidence for hybridization and introgression between blue peafowl and green peafowl and selection for white plumage

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