Ongoing Inconsistencies in Weight Loss Reporting Following Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review

Mocanu, Valentin; Nasralla, Awrad; Dang, Jerry; Jacobson, Mack; Switzer, Noah; Madsen, Karen; Birch, Daniel W.; Karmali, Shahzeer

doi:10.1007/s11695-018-03702-6

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…As with other systematic reviews evaluating outcomes following gastric bypass surgery, the findings of this review are constrained by the quality and consistency of the available evidence 39–41 . Most notably, an overreliance on subjective methodology, the lack of standardization in the measurement and presentation of data, and the shortage of longer term studies (>3 years) make it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions from the available data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reviews have also identified differences in the reporting of findings such as weight loss, 39 patient‐reported outcomes, 40 and clinical outcomes 41 . Although there have been efforts to standardize the reporting of these outcomes, 42 the inconsistencies prevent quantitative synthesis and make results difficult to compare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methodological issues in assessing change in dietary intake and appetite following gastric bypass surgery: A systematic review

et al. 2021

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Summary Gastric bypass surgery is an effective long‐term treatment for individuals with severe obesity. Changes in appetite, dietary intake, and food preferences have all been postulated to contribute to postoperative body weight regulation, however, findings are inconsistent. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the current literature on changes in dietary intake and appetite following gastric bypass surgery, in the context of the methodology used and the analysis, interpretation, and presentation of results. Four databases were systematically searched with terms related to “gastric bypass surgery,” “appetite,” and “dietary intake,” and 49 papers (n = 2384 patients after gastric bypass) were eligible for inclusion. The evidence indicated that only a reduction in overall energy intake and an increase in postprandial satiety are maintained beyond 6‐month post‐surgery, whereas relative macronutrient intake and premeal hunger remain unchanged. However, available data were limited by inconsistencies in the methods, analysis, presentation, and interpretation of results. In particular, there was a reliance on data collected by subjective methods with minimal acknowledgment of the limitations, such as misreporting of food intake. There is a need for further work employing objective measurement of appetite and dietary intake following gastric bypass surgery to determine how these mechanisms may contribute to weight regulation in the longer term.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methodological issues in assessing change in dietary intake and appetite following gastric bypass surgery: A systematic review

et al. 2021

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“…Selection criteria for bariatric surgery have been virtually unchanged since the early 1990s and are still based on BMI and comorbidity [12,13]. Postoperative BMI is central in the evaluation of treatment effect, and is the most frequently used measure to define outcome after bariatric surgery in randomized trials [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Impact of Body Fat Percentage Independent of Body Mass Index in Women with Obesity Remission After Gastric Bypass

et al. 2019

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Background/Objective Body mass index (BMI) is central when evaluating treatment effect after gastric bypass. The metabolic impact of BMI-independent differences in body fat percentage (BF%) after gastric bypass is not fully understood. We compared metabolic and adipose tissue characteristics in women with high versus low BF% independent of BMI after obesity remission following gastric bypass. Subjects/Methods A cohort of 215 women was included at baseline. A total of 166 women were re-examined 2 years after gastric bypass, whereof 130 had obesity remission (BMI < 30 kg/m 2 ). Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and lipids were measured. Total and regional body fat mass was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp ( M value). Adipocyte size and number were determined. Results Of the 130 women with obesity remission, 64 had BF% ≥ 35 and 65 < 35. Independent of BMI, high BF% were associated with higher HOMA-IR ( P = 0.021), lower M value ( P = 0.0046), higher triglycerides ( P = 0.013), higher visceral/total and android/gynoid fat mass ratios ( P = 0.0032 and 0.0003 respectively), and larger subcutaneous fat cell volume ( P < 0.0001) 2 years after gastric bypass. No differences in anthropometric measures, glucose, blood pressure, or fat cell number were observed. Conclusions Independent of BMI, patients with higher BF% displayed lower insulin sensitivity, higher triglyceride levels, central fat distribution, and larger subcutaneous adipocytes 2 years after gastric bypass. Thus, determination of BF% provides additional information of metabolic characteristics at follow-up of non-obese patients after gastric bypass.

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“…This may have been applicable when comparing weight loss reported by Reid et al and Velcu et al where there was a difference in baseline BMI [ 31 , 32 ]. In order to overcome this, we calculated the percentage of BMI which is a more commonly used measurement in articles describing post-surgical weight loss outcomes [ 36 ]. Besides the inaccuracy of absolute numbers, it is well known that %EWL is a suboptimal measurement as this is being influenced too much by common differences in baseline BMI [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Place Work on a Scale: What Do We Know About the Association Between Employment Status and Weight Loss Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery?

et al. 2021

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Despite the initial successful weight loss after bariatric surgery, a significant amount of patients experience weight loss failure and weight regain. Several factors are known to contribute to this, though the impact of employment status is unknown. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the impact of employment status on post-surgical weight loss outcomes. Eight studies were included with a follow-up ranging between 2 and 10 years. Employed patients seemed to present more weight loss (9.0–11.0% EWL, 1.3–1.6% BMI loss) compared to unemployed patients, but none of these numbers were statistically significant. Moreover, there were contrasting findings in terms of weight regain. This review may highlight the importance of working status after bariatric surgery and warrants further investigation on this topic. Graphical abstract

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Ongoing Inconsistencies in Weight Loss Reporting Following Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review

Cited by 12 publications

References 90 publications

Methodological issues in assessing change in dietary intake and appetite following gastric bypass surgery: A systematic review

Methodological issues in assessing change in dietary intake and appetite following gastric bypass surgery: A systematic review

Metabolic Impact of Body Fat Percentage Independent of Body Mass Index in Women with Obesity Remission After Gastric Bypass

Place Work on a Scale: What Do We Know About the Association Between Employment Status and Weight Loss Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery?

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