Interventions near patients' deaths in the United States are often expensive, burdensome, and inconsistent with patients' goals and preferences. For patients and their loved ones to make informed care decisions, physicians must share adequate information about prognoses, prospective benefits and harms of specific interventions, and costs. This commentary on a case discusses strategies for sharing such information and suggests that properly designed advance care planning incentives can help improve communication and decision sharing.Case DD is the designated durable power of attorney for health care, who has served well in this capacity by prioritizing her mother's previously expressed wishes to the best of her ability. DD has also, to this point, represented all DD's siblings as they discuss with care teams the care of their elderly parent in hospital and nearing death. DD and the health care team have discussed initiation of life-sustaining interventions (eg, mechanical ventilation, intubation, artificial nutrition and hydration), as well as a hospice care referral, given the patient's diagnosis and impending death.DD explains to the health care team that her mother had previously indicated she wanted all lifesaving therapies but that she values quality of life over extended life. The patient had also expressed a desire not to become a family burden. While sharing this sentiment, DD expresses, "For long hospital stays, no one needs to know the price of services to know it's expensive and that it will leave us bankrupt-$100 a day, $1000 a day out of our pockets. That is too much for most American families and it's too much for us. Our kids won't be able to go to college, and we won't have enough to pay for my father's medicines.
CommentaryHealth care in the United States, especially near the end of life (EoL), is extremely expensive. Medicare is the primary payer for health services rendered to patients over age 65 in the United States, and an estimated one-quarter of total Medicare spending is on about 5% of Medicare beneficiaries in their last year of life. 1,2 These statistics are