Online Spectroscopic Study on the Positive and the Negative Electrolytes in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Liu, Le; Xi, Jingyu; Wu, Zenghua; Zhang, Wenguang; Zhou, Haipeng; Li, Weibin; He, Yonghong

doi:10.1155/2013/453980

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Transmission spectra utilizes the entire spectrum range and has a better signal to noise ratio. Liu et al [161,162] utilized an in-house built transmission spectrum analytical system with a customized adsorption cell with two glass windows to allow electrolyte flow. Zhang et al [160] employed the on-line electrolyte spectroscopic monitoring configuration.…”

Section: Spectroscopic Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Tools Used in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Research—Review

Ghimire¹,

Bhattarai²,

Lim

et al. 2021

Batteries

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Progress in renewable energy production has directed interest in advanced developments of energy storage systems. The all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is one of the attractive technologies for large scale energy storage due to its design versatility and scalability, longevity, good round-trip efficiencies, stable capacity and safety. Despite these advantages, the deployment of the vanadium battery has been limited due to vanadium and cell material costs, as well as supply issues. Improving stack power density can lower the cost per kW power output and therefore, intensive research and development is currently ongoing to improve cell performance by increasing electrode activity, reducing cell resistance, improving membrane selectivity and ionic conductivity, etc. In order to evaluate the cell performance arising from this intensive R&D, numerous physical, electrochemical and chemical techniques are employed, which are mostly carried out ex situ, particularly on cell characterizations. However, this approach is unable to provide in-depth insights into the changes within the cell during operation. Therefore, in situ diagnostic tools have been developed to acquire information relating to the design, operating parameters and cell materials during VRFB operation. This paper reviews in situ diagnostic tools used to realize an in-depth insight into the VRFBs. A systematic review of the previous research in the field is presented with the advantages and limitations of each technique being discussed, along with the recommendations to guide researchers to identify the most appropriate technique for specific investigations.

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Section: Spectroscopic Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Tools Used in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Research—Review

Ghimire¹,

Bhattarai²,

Lim

et al. 2021

Batteries

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“…The homemade online optical detecting module has been used to detect the transmitted light intensity of the positive electrolyte in our previous work. − Because of the interactions between VO 2+ and VO 2 + ions at high concentrations in VFBs, the transmitted light intensity of the positive electrolyte does not obey Beer’s law and there is not a linear relationship between its transmitted light intensity and composition. , But when the VO 2 + is reduced to VO 2+ totally (at the electrolysis termination), we could get the total amount of substance of vanadium ions in the positive electrolyte by detecting the transmitted light intensity of the VO 2+ solution. And the amount of substance of VO 2 + is obtained by calculating the charge consumed by electrolysis based on Faraday’s laws.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method of Reflow and Online Electrolysis in the Vanadium Redox Battery: Benefits and Limitations

Liu

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Capacity decay during the long-time cycles is one of the drawbacks of an all-vanadium redox flow battery which limits its application in the large-scale energy storage. Based on the convenient and effective reflow method, we add online electrolysis to restore the capacity by reducing the accumulated VO2 + (pentavalence) in the positive electrolyte during long-time charge and discharge cycles. In this work, the capacity restore effects of online electrolysis with three reflow volumes are tested; the mechanism of the special discharge capacity retention behavior is discussed, and the benefits and limitations of the capacity recovery method are explored. In this work, the capacity is restored apparently, and the all-vanadium redox flow battery runs 4680 cycles stably through eight online electrolysis processes, which is owing to the controlled volume imbalance by the reflow and the compensated valence imbalance by the online electrolysis. Although the concentration imbalance accumulated during the long-time cycles limits the capacity recovery which needs to be addressed by combining with mixing the positive and negative electrolytes in the future, considering the convenience and the low cost of this method, it has promising application in large-scale energy storage. Hence, this method is free from replacing electrolyte, lowers the maintenance cost, and improves the competitiveness and further popularization of the all-vanadium redox flow battery as a smart grid energy storage module.

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“…Equally, soluble solids were successfully predicted by VIS/NIR spectroscopic method in different fruits -apple, kiwi. In apples the highest correlation coefficient was 0.98, depending on the number of principal components and the pre-processing techniques (Liu, Zhou, 2013). Qiang et al (2010) used NIR spectroscopy for dry matter determination in kiwifruit and reported that it could be determined non-destructively and dry matter can be predicted with very good accuracy and high correlation coefficient (r = 0.902).…”

Section: Figure 2 Amount Of Soluble Solids (°Brix) At Different Ripementioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of tomato quality attributes using near infrared spectroscopy and reference analysis

Radzevičius

Viškelis

Karklelienė

et al. 2016

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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The research objective was determination of ripening attributes of intact tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. 'Rutuliai' using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and reference analysis. Tomatoes were picked at six different ripening stages in order to evaluate the correlation between data obtained by near infrared spectra and physicalchemical analyses and how the quality parameters change during ripening. Primarily, spectroscopic measurements were followed by chemical analyses. NIR spectroscopy measurements and reference analyses showed that tomato fruit had lost skin and flesh firmness during the ripening processes and there were no big differences between the methods used for the determination of dry matter and soluble solids (°Brix) and the obtained results varied slightly. The obtained results of dry matter, soluble solids content (°Brix) and fruit skin and flesh firmness were presented as simple linear regression between NIR spectroscopy and reference analyses. A high correlation between NIR spectroscopy and reference analyses of dry matter was established and this correlation, expressed by regression coefficient, reached 0.9089. Regression coefficient between NIR spectroscopy and reference analyses of soluble solids was 0.815. Meanwhile, the highest correlation was detected for tomato fruit skin and flesh firmness and regression coefficient, respectively, reached 0.9119 and 0.9624. Hence the near infrared calibration has the potential to estimate the physical-chemical properties of tomato fruit according to their infrared spectra.

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Online Spectroscopic Study on the Positive and the Negative Electrolytes in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

In-Situ Tools Used in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Research—Review

In-Situ Tools Used in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Research—Review

Method of Reflow and Online Electrolysis in the Vanadium Redox Battery: Benefits and Limitations

Determination of tomato quality attributes using near infrared spectroscopy and reference analysis

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