Onshore Buried Steel Fuel Pipelines at Fault Crossings: A Review of Critical Analysis and Design Aspects

Melissianos, Vasileios E.

doi:10.1061/(asce)ps.1949-1204.0000661

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 139 publications

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“…Consequently, a disparity exists between the computed results for actual structures and those under the assumption of rigid soil, highlighting the distinction between the seismic-structure interaction (SSI) system and the dynamic response of a purely upper structure [27]. Some scholars use soil spring parameters to simulate seismic-structure interaction (SSI) and analyze stilted structures using the same soil spring parameters at the base [28][29][30]. However, SSI effects in mountainous regions possess uniqueness because the height and properties of the soil on either side of the structure may differ, potentially affecting the structural dynamic response.…”

Section: Soil-structure Interaction (Ssi) Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Response of a Cliff-Attached Structure Based on Soil-Structure Interaction Effect

Yang,

Mi,

et al. 2024

Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng

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Section: Soil-structure Interaction (Ssi) Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Response of a Cliff-Attached Structure Based on Soil-Structure Interaction Effect

Yang,

Mi,

et al. 2024

Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng

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Do soft soil layers reduce the seismic kinematic distress of onshore high-pressure gas pipelines?

Makrakis

Psarropoulos

Sextos

et al. 2023

Bull Earthquake Eng

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Onshore high - pressure gas pipelines constitute critical infrastructure that usually cross seismic - prone regions and are vulnerable to Permanent Ground Deformations (PGDs) due to active seismic faults. In design, it may not be feasible to avoid fault rupture areas due to various technical, economical and topographic reasons. Moreover, the presence of soil layers affects the PGDs resulting from a tectonic fault, which in turn may alter the seismic demand on the pipeline. The current study investigates numerically the impact of soft soil layers on the seismic kinematic distress of onshore gas pipelines. For this purpose, a decoupled numerical modeling approach is adopted, consisting of two separate finite - element models for the simulation of soil response and pipeline distress, respectively. Soil non - linearities are taken into account utilizing the Mohr - Coulomb constitutive model with isotropic strain softening. An extensive parametric analysis is performed considering different faulting mechanisms and fault dip angles, as well as soil geometry and mechanical properties. Consequently, the maximum absolute values of both tensile and compressive pipeline strains are correlated with the seismic intensity level (i.e., in terms of bedrock offset which is associated with earthquake magnitude via simple relationships). The paper concludes with a set of design charts and tables for the preliminary seismic design of onshore high - pressure gas pipelines. These charts and tables predict with reasonable accuracy pipeline deformations, in terms of strains, for different magnitude, fault type, dip angle, sand type, and varying overlying soil layer thickness.

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Fault displacement hazard estimation at lifeline–fault crossings: A simplified approach for engineering applications

Melissianos

Danciu

Vamvatsikos

et al. 2023

Bull Earthquake Eng

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Lifelines, such as pipelines, roads, and tunnels, are critical infrastructure and when crossing active tectonic faults, a reliable estimation of the fault displacement in case of an earthquake is required. The first and simplest approach is to use empirical fault scaling relations to compute the design fault displacement, but this may result in an unknown level of safety. Thus, the probabilistic fault displacement hazard analysis (PFDHA) is the appropriate tool to assess the fault displacement hazard within a performance-based framework. Based upon an established PFDHA model, we present a simplified approach for engineering applications focusing on the lifeline–fault crossing along with appropriate simplifications and assumptions to extend its applicability to numerous faults. The aim is to provide a structure-independent approach of PFDHA that can be used when a site-specific study is not required, not possible (e.g., absence of recent sediments for dating past events), or too cumbersome, e.g., for lifeline route selection. Additionally, an in-depth investigation is presented on the key parameters, such as maximum earthquake magnitude, fault length, recurrence rate of all earthquakes above a minimum magnitude, and lifeline-fault crossing site, and how they affect the hazard level. This approach will be the basis for deriving hazard-consistent expressions to approximate fault displacement for use within the Eurocodes. The latter is intended to serve as a compromise between hazard-agnostic fault scaling relations and a comprehensive PFDHA, which requires detailed calculations and site-specific seismological data.

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Onshore Buried Steel Fuel Pipelines at Fault Crossings: A Review of Critical Analysis and Design Aspects

Cited by 7 publications

References 139 publications

Seismic Response of a Cliff-Attached Structure Based on Soil-Structure Interaction Effect

Seismic Response of a Cliff-Attached Structure Based on Soil-Structure Interaction Effect

Do soft soil layers reduce the seismic kinematic distress of onshore high-pressure gas pipelines?

Fault displacement hazard estimation at lifeline–fault crossings: A simplified approach for engineering applications

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