Ontogenetic shifts and interspecies variation in tolerance to desiccation and heat at the early benthic phase of six intertidal invertebrates

Hamilton, Hilary J.; Gosselin, Louis A.

doi:10.3354/meps13189

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In fact, a similar ontogenetic shift in stress tolerance has been observed in other species of intertidal invertebrates ( e.g. , mussels, barnacles, snails; Jenewein and Gosselin, 2013; Hamilton and Gosselin, 2020) with organisms generally becoming more tolerant to elevated temperatures and desiccation as they move from juvenile to adult stages. Differences in thermal tolerance between life stages may relate to microhabitat use, as several species of intertidal animals live in more protected areas ( i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Mortality in juvenile Pisaster began around 30°C which reveals a greater sensitivity to thermal stress for this early life stage (assuming that populations have similar thresholds in different years). In fact, a similar ontogenetic shift in stress tolerance has been observed in other species of intertidal invertebrates (e.g., mussels, barnacles, snails; Jenewein and Gosselin, 2013;Hamilton and Gosselin, 2020) with organisms generally becoming more tolerant to elevated temperatures and desiccation as they move from juvenile to adult stages. Differences in thermal tolerance between life stages may relate to microhabitat use, as several species of intertidal animals live in more protected areas (i.e., filamentous algae, mussel beds, underneath rocks) during early benthic phases before moving to more exposed microhabitats as late-stage juveniles or adults (Hunt and Scheibling, 1996;Gosselin, 1997;Jenewein and Gosselin, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

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Cool ocean temperatures fail to buffer the impacts of heat exposure during low tide on the behaviour and physiology of a keystone predator

Walton,

Watts,

Schuster

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Air temperatures are warming at faster rates than ocean temperatures, and this land-sea warming contrast may create reprieves from thermal stress by providing cool underwater refugia during extreme heat events. Here we tested the impacts of the land-sea warming contrast on physiology (metabolism) and behaviour (feeding) in the juvenile life stage of a keystone intertidal predator,Pisaster ochraceus, by experimentally manipulating air (~20°C, 25°C, 30°C) and water (~15°C, 20°C) temperatures (at independent rates) representing early summer, late summer, and heatwave conditions in Barkley Sound (British Columbia, Canada). We further made observations of air temperatures, sea surface temperatures, andPisastermoribundity at our study location to support interpretation of our results. We predicted metabolism and feeding would increase with early and late summer temperatures, but decrease during heatwave conditions as animals surpass their thermal optimum. We observed the greatest mortality and lowest feeding in juvenilePisasterexposed to cool ocean temperatures (~15°C) and high aerial temperatures typical of extreme heat events (~30°C). Feeding rates increased with heat stress duration, indicating animals may be compensating for elevated metabolism. Metabolic rates did not differ between air temperatures, but oxygen consumption was higher in animals with access to mussels than forPisasterthat were fasted. The highest levels of experimental and field moribundity were observed in August, indicatingPisastermay have accumulated physiological stress damage following elevated air and ocean temperatures throughout the summer. Our research implicates shifts in community dynamics due to the loss of this keystone species as air temperatures warm.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Cool ocean temperatures fail to buffer the impacts of heat exposure during low tide on the behaviour and physiology of a keystone predator

Walton,

Watts,

Schuster

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…EBP survivorship in wild populations might nevertheless be impacted by initial energy reserves through indirect effects. Low energy reserves may cause EBP individuals to have low tolerance thresholds to environmental stressors, such as extreme temperatures (Hamilton and Gosselin 2020;Jenewein & Gosselin, 2013b;Miller et al, 2009), desiccation (Foster, 1971;Gosselin & Chia, 1995;Jenewein & Gosselin, 2013a, 2013bMiller et al, 2009), and low salinity (Qiu & Qian, 1999;Thiyagarajan et al, 2007). If so, this could explain previously reported associations between low energy reserves and high EBP mortality rates in some species (Emlet & Sadro, 2006;Phillips, 2002;Thiyagarajan, Harder, Qiu, et al, 2003).…”

Section: Ecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Juvenile barnacles (B. glandula and C. dalli) were collected as described by Sandee et al (2016) and Hamilton & Gosselin (2020). Small rocks (5-10 cm diameter) were gathered from the intertidal zone and brought to the laboratory where all small settlers were dislodged under a dissecting microscope, and a perimeter was marked on the rock around the cleared area with nail polish.…”

Section: Study Site and Collection Of Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of depleted initial energy reserves in early benthic phase mortality of six marine invertebrate species

Mendt

Gosselin

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Insufficient energy reserves are widely considered to be a primary factor contributing to high rates of early benthic phase mortality among benthic marine invertebrates, but this hypothesis has been based mostly on indirect, observational evidence, and remains largely untested. We therefore examined the role of initial energy reserves in regulating survivorship and growth during the early benthic phase. Recently settled or hatched individuals of six invertebrate species were collected from natural populations, maintained without food, and their survivorship was monitored. Contrary to expectations, starved individuals of all six species had high survivorship through the critical first 10 days of the early benthic phase, with half of the species experiencing <2% mortality, and the remaining three species experiencing only 6%–12% mortality. For five of the six species, 50% mortality was reached only after ≥50 days of starvation. Additionally, no difference in short‐term survivorship was detected among starved individuals of three different size classes (a proxy for energy reserves) of N . ostrina hatchlings. Finally, the effect of different durations of delayed feeding (0–50 days) on recovery (i.e., growth and survivorship) once food was made available revealed that duration of starvation prior to feeding can nevertheless have significant longer‐term impacts on the proportion of individuals that survive or their ability to grow. Together, these findings suggest that depleted energy reserves are not a primary cause of high mortality at the start of the early benthic phase, as had previously been hypothesized. Levels of energy reserves did influence growth, however, suggesting a possible indirect influence on performance by leaving individuals vulnerable for longer periods.

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“…During transport, environmental conditions such as relative humidity (RH) can vary considerably due to operational processes including packaging or transportation in different vehicles [1,[9][10][11]. In wild juvenile mussels, resilience to desiccation stress due to reduced RH increases with size [12,13]. For example, the survival rate of 1-2 mm long Mytilus trossulus after a 24 h period of emersion was lower than that of their larger 2-3 mm counterparts [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Damage and Antioxidants as Markers for the Selection of Emersion Hardening Treatments in GreenshellTM Mussel Juveniles (Perna canaliculus)

Delorme,

Burritt,

Zamora

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Transport out of the water is one of the most challenging events for juvenile Perna canaliculus and can be a highly inefficient process, with many juveniles subsequently being lost following extended periods of emersion. Hardening techniques offer a possible method for reducing transport-related stress. In this study, different hardening treatments (short, long and intermittent sub-lethal emersion) were used to prepare ~1.2 mm P.canaliculus for transport (20 h) and subsequent reoxygenation stress during re-immersion (i.e., recovery). The oxidative stress responses, resettlement behaviour, respiration rates and survival of the mussels after transport and during recovery were all assessed. Short emersion (1 h) as a hardening treatment prior to transport did not cause major stress to the mussels, which maintained respiration at control levels, showed significantly stimulated antioxidant defences during recovery, showed greater resettlement behaviour and remained viable after 24 h of recovery. In comparison, the long and intermittent emersion treatments negatively impacted oxidative stress responses and affected the viability of the mussels after 24 h of recovery. This study showed that exposing juvenile P.canaliculus to a mild stress prior to transport may stimulate protective mechanisms, therefore eliciting a hardening response, but care must be taken to avoid overstressing the mussels. Improving the management of stress during the transport of juvenile mussels may be key to minimising mussel losses and increasing harvest production, and biomarkers associated with oxidative stress/antioxidant metabolism could be valuable tools to ensure emersion hardening does not overstress the mussels and reduce survival.

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Ontogenetic shifts and interspecies variation in tolerance to desiccation and heat at the early benthic phase of six intertidal invertebrates

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Cool ocean temperatures fail to buffer the impacts of heat exposure during low tide on the behaviour and physiology of a keystone predator

Cool ocean temperatures fail to buffer the impacts of heat exposure during low tide on the behaviour and physiology of a keystone predator

Role of depleted initial energy reserves in early benthic phase mortality of six marine invertebrate species

Oxidative Damage and Antioxidants as Markers for the Selection of Emersion Hardening Treatments in GreenshellTM Mussel Juveniles (Perna canaliculus)

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