Ontogeny of human pancreatic exocrine function.

McClean, P; Weaver, Lawrence T.

doi:10.1136/adc.68.1_spec_no.62

Cited by 86 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Most enzyme activities are detectable in human fetal tissue from the 20th week of gestation and exocrine secretion may begin around the fifth month of gestation (65) . Enzyme activities gradually increase during fetal life and thereafter postnatally.…”

Section: Breast-v Formula-feeding: Impact On Pancreatic Exocrine Funmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast-v.formula-feeding: impacts on the digestive tract and immediate and long-term health effects

2010

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The health benefits of breast-feeding have been recognised for a long time. In particular, breast-feeding is associated with lower incidence of necrotising enterocolitis and diarrhoea during the early period of life and with lower incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases, type 2 diabetes and obesity later in life. The higher nutritional and protective degree of human milk is related to its nutritional composition that changes over the lactation period and to the biological activities of specific components while lower growth rate of breast-fed infants may be attributed to their self-regulation of milk intake at a lower level than formula-fed infants. Many results now suggest that the developmental changes in intestinal and pancreatic function that occur postnatally are modulated by the diet. Indeed, formula-feeding induces intestinal hypertrophy and accelerates maturation of hydrolysis capacities; it increases intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation, but does not induce evident differences in microbiota composition. Whether these changes would be beneficial for enhancing absorptive capacities and for educating the gut-associated immune system remains to be further studied. Moreover, it is evident that formula-feeding increases basal blood glucose and decreases plasma ketone body concentrations, while discrepancies on postprandial glycaemia, insulin and incretin responses in both human studies and experimental studies are inconclusive. Manipulating the composition of formula, by reducing protein content, adding prebiotics, growth factors or secretory IgA can modulate intestinal and pancreatic function development, and thereby may reduce the differential responses between breast-fed and formula-fed neonates. However, the developmental responses of the digestive tract to different feeding strategies must be elucidated in terms of sensitivity to developing diseases, taking into account the major role of the intestinal microbiota.

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Section: Breast-v Formula-feeding: Impact On Pancreatic Exocrine Funmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast-v.formula-feeding: impacts on the digestive tract and immediate and long-term health effects

2010

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“…VA digestion depends on adequate pancreatic function and adequate fat intake for micellization of retinol. The pancreas is functionally immature at birth in newborns (44). Moreover, neonates are deficient in pancreatic co-lipase-dependent TG lipase (also known as bile salt-stimulated lipase), which can digest REs, compared with older infants and adults.…”

Section: Similarities and Differences In Va Kinetics In Adult And Neomentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin A Kinetics in Neonatal Rats vs. Adult Rats: Comparisons from Model-Based Compartmental Analysis,

Tan

Green

Ross

2015

The Journal of Nutrition

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A critical role for vitamin A (VA) in development is well established, but still relatively little is known about whole-body VA metabolism in early postnatal life. Recently, methods of mathematical modeling have begun to shed light on retinol kinetics in the postnatal growth period and on the effect of retinoid supplementation on retinol kinetics. Comparison of kinetic parameters from tracer studies in neonatal rats with those previously determined in models of VA metabolism in the adult suggests both similarities and differences in the relative transfer rates of plasma retinol to extrahepatic tissues, resulting in similarities and differences in kinetic parameters and inferences about physiologic processes. Similarities between neonatal and adult models include the capacity for efficient digestion and absorption of VA; characteristics of a high-response system; extensive retinol recycling among liver, plasma, and extrahepatic tissues; and comparable VA disposal rates. Differences between neonatal and adult models include that, in neonates, retinol turnover is faster and retinol recycling is much more extensive; there is a greater role for extrahepatic tissues in the uptake of chylomicron VA; and the intestine plays an important role in chylomicron VA uptake, especially in neonatal rats treated with a supplement containing VA. In summary, retinol kinetic modeling in the neonatal rat has provided a first view of whole-body VA metabolism in this age group and suggests that VA kinetics in neonatal rats differs in many ways from that in adults, perhaps reflecting an adaption to the lower VA concentration found in neonates compared with adults.

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“…Estudos utilizando refeições de teste demonstraram que a digestão de gordura, proteínas e carboidratos ocorre mesmo em pré-termos muito pequenos. A pouca produção de lípase pancreática é compensada por outras lípases 12 .…”

Section: Desenvolvimento Do Trato-intestinalunclassified

Nutrition of the preterm infants

Martinez¹,

Camelo²

2001

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objective: to review the recent medical literature on nutrition of preterm infants, focusing on practical aspects that are relevant to pediatricians and neonatologists.Sources: an extensive review of the related literature using Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Best Evidence was performed.Summary of the findings: there is compelling evidence that early nutritional practices may affect short-term growth and developmental outcome in preterm infants. In addition, these practices have a determinant role in adult health. We still have to learn a lot about the safety and effectiveness of nutrient administration in preterm infants; about techniques targeted at assessing the effect of different nutritional strategies; and about the long term effects of these regimens on developmental outcome, growth and disease.Conclusions: despite recent advances in neonatal nutrition, basic and clinical research is still necessary so that the nutritional needs of preterm infants can be better defined and adequately provided.J Pediatr (Rio J) 2001; 77 (Supl.1): S32-S40: parenteral nutrition, enteral nutrition, nutrition, human milk, prematurity, protein, lipids, calories. ResumoObjetivo: rever a literatura atual sobre a alimentação do recém-nascido pré-termo, enfocando os aspectos práticos relevantes para pediatras e neonatologistas.Método: foi realizada revisão bibliográfica utilizando os bancos de dados Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews e Best Evidence.Resultado: cada vez mais fica evidente que as práticas alimentares estabelecidas com os pré-termos podem afetar não só o desenvolvimento imediato, mas também sua evolução a longo prazo. A nutrição neste período pode determinar se o adulto será mais o menos saudável. Existe um longo caminho de aprendizado sobre a segurança e eficácia dos nutrientes administrados para os pré-termos, sobre as técnicas para avaliar as diferentes estratégias alimentares e sobre os efeitos em longo prazo destes regimes no desenvolvimento, crescimento e aparecimento de doenças.Conclusão: apesar dos grandes avanços na área, ainda são necessários estudos básicos e clínicos para aprofundar a compreensão das necessidades nutricionais do recém-nascido pré-termo e da forma mais adequada de supri-las.J Pediatr (Rio J) 2001; 77 (Supl. Introdução O nascimento de uma criança pré-termo representa uma urgência nutricional. Cálculos teóricos demonstram que estas crianças apresentam reservas nutricionais de poucos dias 1 e quanto menor o tamanho ao nascer, menor esta reserva. As crianças nascidas com 24 semanas chegam a possuir apenas 1 dia de reserva calórica 2 . Os pré-termos com menos de 1.000g, mesmo com a alimentação parenteral iniciada no primeiro dia, chegam a perder 10% de seu peso e demoram cerca de 11 dias para recuperar o peso de nascimento 3 .O manejo nutricional do pré-termo é uma área cheia de controvérsias, especialmente pela falta de estudos randomizados e controlados 4 . Os conhecimentos ficam ainda mais esparsos quando se trata de pré-termos doentes. A enorme var...

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Ontogeny of human pancreatic exocrine function.

Cited by 86 publications

References 34 publications

Breast-v.formula-feeding: impacts on the digestive tract and immediate and long-term health effects

Breast-v.formula-feeding: impacts on the digestive tract and immediate and long-term health effects

Vitamin A Kinetics in Neonatal Rats vs. Adult Rats: Comparisons from Model-Based Compartmental Analysis,

Nutrition of the preterm infants

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