Ontogeny of the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter SNAT1 in the Developing Rat

Weiss, Michael D.; Donnelly, William H.; Rossignol, Candace; Varoqui, Hélène; Erickson, Jeffrey D.; Anderson, Kevin J.

doi:10.1007/s10735-005-6061-x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Transport rates decreased along the proximodistal gradient of the fetal intestine, unlike those of adults that were greatest in the ileum (69). In rats, amino acid transport characteristic of systems X − AG and A are described in E17 embryos; intestinal mRNA transcripts for system A appear by E14, a full week before parturition (71,72). In piglets, transport of leucine initially detected in 7‐week‐old fetuses increased gradually in the last 2 weeks of gestation, along with the appearance of the proximodistal gradient of transport typical of adults (73).…”

Section: Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Intestinal Transporters in Neonatal Nutrition: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Minerals, and Vitamins

Boudry

David

Douard

et al. 2010

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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To support rapid growth and a high metabolic rate, infants require enormous amounts of nutrients. The small intestine must have the complete array of transporters that absorb the nutrients released from digested food. Failure of intestinal transporters to function properly often presents symptoms as "failure to thrive" because nutrients are not absorbed and as diarrhea because unabsorbed nutrients upset luminal osmolality or become substrates of intestinal bacteria. We enumerate the nutrients that constitute human milk and various infant milk formulas, explain their importance in neonatal nutrition, then describe for each nutrient the transporter(s) that absorbs it from the intestinal lumen into the enterocyte cytosol and from the cytosol to the portal blood. More than 100 membrane and cytosolic transporters are now thought to facilitate absorption of minerals and vitamins as well as products of digestion of the macronutrients carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. We highlight research areas that should yield information needed to better understand the important role of these transporters during normal development.

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Section: Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Intestinal Transporters in Neonatal Nutrition: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Minerals, and Vitamins

Boudry

David

Douard

et al. 2010

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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“…Indeed, SNAT2 protein expression is thought to be critical at these stages since in vivo inhibition of system A is associated with suboptimal fetal growth (Cramer et al, 2002). This contrast with ontogenetic studies of SNAT1 (a system A isoform closely related to SNAT2), that display relatively constant levels of protein in brain throughout development (Weiss et al, 2003, 2005). Agreeing with the published protein data, we have determined that the mRNA levels for SNAT1 are also constant throughout development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Interestingly, increased System A transporter mRNA expression has been reported in the mouse placenta at E20, coinciding with the period of greatest fetal amino acid demand (Novak and Beveridge, 2000). Moreover, changes in the distribution of SNAT1 protein have been described during development and brain ontogenesis in the rat (Weiss et al, 2003, 2005). These data suggest that the quantity, activity and localization of a transporter may be critical for cell function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the SNAT2 amino acid transporter during the development of rat cerebral cortex

Rodríguez

Berumen

Zafra

et al. 2011

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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The sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 (SNAT2) is a protein that is expressed ubiquitously in mammalian tissues and that displays Na(+), voltage and pH dependent activity. This transporter mediates the passage of small zwitterionic amino acids across the cell membrane and regulates the cell homeostasis and its volume. We have examined the expression of SNAT2 mRNA and protein during the development of the rat cerebral cortex, from gestation through the postnatal stages to adulthood. Our data reveal that SNAT2 mRNA and protein expression is higher during embryogenesis, while it subsequently diminishes during postnatal development. Moreover, during embryonic period SNAT2 colocalizes with the radial glial cells marker GLAST, while in postnatal period it is mainly detected in neuronal dendrites. These findings suggest a relevant role for amino acid transport through SNAT2 in the developing embryonic brain.

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“…Our result revealed that LAT3 of the pancreas might not function at least after birth even under starved situation. Because several amino acid transporters such as SNAT1 46 and ASC1 47 have been identified at the protein level, the potential role of these molecules in the pancreas under the nutrientstarved condition should be further studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Characterization of Na+-Independent System L Amino Acid Transporter 3 in Mice

Fukuhara

Kanai

Chairoungdua

et al. 2007

The American Journal of Pathology

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We recently cloned the human Na ؉ -independent system L neutral amino acid transporter LAT3. The aim of the present study was to characterize the molecular nature of mouse LAT3 at the protein level. Isolated mouse LAT3 showed 83% identity to human LAT3. Xenopus oocytes injected with mouse LAT3 cRNA showed the same functional property as human LAT3. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed apparent transcripts of mouse LAT3 in the liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreas, an expression pattern identical to that found in humans. Antibody generated against mouse LAT3 detected both ϳ58-kd Amino acid transport across the plasma membrane regulates the flow of these nutrients into cells or from cells and thus participates in interorgan amino acid nutrition. The transfer of amino acids across the hydrophobic domain of the plasma membrane is mediated by specific transporter proteins that recognize, bind, and transfer amino acids from the extracellular space into cells or vice versa. 1,2 The transport of neutral amino acids through the plasma membrane is mediated via Na ϩ -dependent and Na ϩ -independent transport systems 1,2 in which Na ϩ -independent system L is one of the major routes to provide cells with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids. By means of expression cloning, we identified the first isoform of Na ϩ -independent system L amino acid transporter LAT1 (L-type amino acid transporter 1) from C6 rat glioma cells.3 LAT1 is a member of the SLC (solute carrier) 7 family and mediates a Na ϩ -independent amino acid exchange, preferring large neutral amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, methionine, and histidine as its substrates. Following the identification of LAT1, a second system L transporter, named LAT2, was identified by various groups including ours.4 -6 LAT2 is more ubiquitously expressed than LAT1 and transports not only large neutral amino acids but also small ones. As a common molecular feature of LAT1 and LAT2, they form the same heteromeric complexes via a disulfide bond with a single membrane-spanning protein, the heavy chain of 4F2 antigen, which is essential for the functional

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Ontogeny of the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter SNAT1 in the Developing Rat

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Role of Intestinal Transporters in Neonatal Nutrition: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Minerals, and Vitamins

Role of Intestinal Transporters in Neonatal Nutrition: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Minerals, and Vitamins

Expression of the SNAT2 amino acid transporter during the development of rat cerebral cortex

Protein Characterization of Na+-Independent System L Amino Acid Transporter 3 in Mice

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