“…Some explained SoS from a structural perspective (Luskasik, 1998;Manthorpe, 1996) and others defined it by its characteristics (Maier, 1998;Bar-Yam, 2004;DeLaurentis, 2005;Boardman and Sauser, 2006). In a similar way extended enterprise is referred to as "a wider system of enterprises" (Boardman and Sauser, 2008) that represents the holistic concept of enterprises alongside its internal components and external connectors including business partners, suppliers and customers (Slade and Bokma, 2002). From the same holistic perspective, an extended enterprise integrates all its processes, applications, people and knowledge in pursuit of higher efficiency and effectiveness (Markus, 2000;Kosanke et al, 1999).…”