Onychomycosis: dermatophytes to yeasts: an experience in and around Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Suryawanshi, Rupali S.; Wanjare, Shashir; Koticha, Avani; Mehta, Preeti

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20171825

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Among the dermatophytes isolated, Trichophyton rubrum (15.38%) was predominant followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (7.69%) and Trichophyton tonsurans (1.80%). This is similar to studies done by Rupali S. 6 Non-dermatophyte moulds accounts for 25% of the total isolates, of which Fusarium spp. was predominant (5.76%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In the present study, the most common age group affected is 21 -30 yrs. followed by 31 -40 yrs., which is in accordance to Veer et al, Rupali S, Shasir W et al and Grover et al 4,6,7 People of this age group are more involved in outdoor activities and are prone to fungal infection due to trauma. Moreover, young population are more apprehensive and regarded it as a cosmetic issue and approach clinician on time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In our study, yeast was more predominant, which is similar to other studies. 6,13,14 A shift from Candida albicans to non-albicans has been noted in our study. Among the dermatophytes isolated, Trichophyton rubrum (15.38%) was predominant followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (7.69%) and Trichophyton tonsurans (1.80%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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A Study on the Pattern of Fungi Causing Onychomycosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Imphal

Chongtham¹,

Athokpam²,

Singh³

2018

jemds

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BACKGROUND Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails. It is caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophytes and yeasts. In spite of improved personal hygiene and living condition, it continues to persist and poses a major clinical challenge regarding its treatment due to its chronicity. The present study was conducted to identify the fungi causing onychomycosis in our region. MATERIALS AND METHODS This descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology at a tertiary healthcare centre in Manipur from August 2016 to August 2017. A total of 166 cases of clinically diagnosed cases of onychomycosis were taken up for study. After disinfecting the nails with 70% alcohol, collected nail samples were subjected to 20% KOH and culture was done on Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar (SDA) with chloramphenicol. Identification of the isolates was done by microscopic and macroscopic examination. RESULTS Out of 166 samples KOH is positive in 54 samples (32.54%), of which culture is positive in 30 samples (18.07%) and 24 is culture negative (14.45%). Total culture positivity is seen in 52 samples (31.32%), of which 30 samples (18.07%) is KOH positive and 22 samples (13.25%) is KOH negative. Females are predominantly affected (64.45%). F: M is 1.8: 1. Most affected age group is 21-30 yrs. (30.12%). Candida species are the commonest species isolated (46.15%) and non-albicans Candida are more predominant (30.76%) followed by dermatophytes (28.84%). Trichophyton rubrum is the commonest dermatophyte isolated (15.38%). CONCLUSION The study showed the genus Candida as the main pathogen causing onychomycosis in our region. So, clinical onychomycosis should be confirmed both by KOH and fungal culture to prescribe specific antifungal drugs for optimal outcome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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A Study on the Pattern of Fungi Causing Onychomycosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Imphal

Chongtham¹,

Athokpam²,

Singh³

2018

jemds

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“…Today, it is known that this condition is not merely a cosmetic concern because there are many clinical conditions such as psoriasis and lichen planus that mimic onychomycosis [ 5 , 7 ]. Moreover, onychomycosis is a source of anxiety, inconvenience, embarrassment, as well as detrimental psychosocial and physical effects [ 3 , 4 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycological Aspects of Onychomycosis in Khuzestan Province, Iran, a New Scenario as Shift from Dermatophytes towards Yeasts

Fatahinia¹,

Jafarpour²,

Rafiei³

et al. 2017

Curr Med Mycol

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Background and Purpose:Onychomycosis is fungal infection of the nails with an overall increasing incidence, worldwide. The epidemiological aspects of onychomycosis in Khuzestan, Iran, have not been established. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and mycological status of fungal nail infection in Khuzestan Province, Iran.Materials and Methods:The study population included 433 patients (143 males vs. 290 females). Nail samples underwent primary direct microscopy and culture. The isolated yeasts and dermatophytes were then subjected to additional molecular identification by r-DNA ITS-RFLP. Identification of some non-dermatophytic molds (NDMs) and unknown yeasts was accomplished by ITS and beta-tubulin sequencing.Results:Onychomycosis was confirmed in 154 patients (males: 36.4%; n=56 vs. females: 63.6%; n=98), whose age ranged from 2 to 85 years, with the highest prevalence in the age group of 41-50 years. Infection mostly occurred due to yeasts (57.15%), with Candida albicans as the most frequent (29.35%) species, followed by C. parapsilosis (13.8%) and C. tropicalis (4.5%). Dermatophytes were isolated in 38.35% of the cases; the most common isolates were found to be Trichophyton interdigitale (21.1%), Epidermophyton floccosum (10.5%), T. rubrum (5.25%), and Microsporum canis (1.5%). NDMs were isolated from 4.5% of the cases with Aspergillus spp. as the most common agent. Dermatophytes and NDMs were more frequently seen in toenails, whereas yeasts mostly infected fingernails. Fingernail onychomycosis was significantly more prevalent among females than in males (P<0.05).Conclusion:The study highlights that in Khuzestan province, the causative agents of onychomycosis have shifted from dermatophytes to yeasts.

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“…This finding is similar to that of earlier studies. 2,4,5 However, in a study done in northern Iran by Falahi AA and his colleagues published at 2017 showed a female preponderance. 6 It is also found that the dermatophyte infection is predominant in the adult age group (31 -40 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycological Pattern of Dermatomycoses in a Tertiary Care Centre in North East India

Chongtham¹,

Preeti²,

Singh³

2018

jemds

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BACKGROUND Dermatomycoses constitute more than 50% of cases in Dermatology outpatient department, which do not require compulsory notifications, but rather cause cosmetic defacements. Indian subcontinent is favourable for various fungal infections. The objective of this study is to identify the aetiology of fungal infections of skin, nail and hair in patients attending tertiary care centre in north east India. MATERIALS AND METHODSA total of 160 samples from clinically suspected dermatomycoses were collected. Direct microscopy in 10% KOH (potassium hydroxide) and culture on (Sabouraud's dextrose agar) SDA containing gentamicin (5 gm/L) and chloramphenicol (50 gm/L) were performed. RESULTSOut of the 160 samples, 95 cases were positive on direct KOH mount and 108 were culture positive. In 64 cases, both KOH and culture were positive. Maximum number of cases belonged to the age group of 31 -40 years. Males were more affected compared to females. Most common isolates obtained in our study were yeasts followed by dermatophytes and non-dermatophytic moulds (NDMs). Candida albicans (25%) was the most common yeast isolated. Among the dermatophytes, Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the commonest and among the non-dermatophytic moulds (NDMs), Aspergillus niger was the most frequent. CONCLUSIONOur study reflects an increasing role of yeasts as a causative agent of dermatomycoses replacing the dermatophytes. KEYWORDSDermatomycoses, Dermatophytes, Yeasts, Non-Dermatophytic Moulds. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Chongtham U, Preeti G, Singh HL. Mycological pattern of dermatomycoses in a tertiary care centre in North East India. J. Evolution Med. Dent. Sci. 2018;7(11):1373-1375, DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2018/312 BACKGROUND Dermatophytes are a group of closely related fungi capable of invading keratinised tissues such as the skin, hair and nails causing infections referred to as dermatophytosis. Epidemiological studies showed that this pathology is among the most prevalent in the world and is considered the second most common skin disease in the adult population. It is estimated that 10% -15% of the general population may be affected by these microorganisms at some time in their lives. 1 Dermatophytic infections are of major importance, as they are widespread and cause discomfort and aesthetic problems. Reactions to dermatophyte infection may range from mild to severe. The severity depend on a variety of factors such as the host reactions to the metabolic products of the fungus, the virulence of infecting species or particular strain, anatomical location of the infection and local environmental factors. 1 Dermatophytic infections are a common clinical problem encountered in more than 50% of patients attending the 'Financial or Other Competing Interest': None. Submission 02-02-2018, Peer Review 28-02-2018, Acceptance 05-03-2018, Published 12-03-2018. Corresponding Author: Gurumayum Preeti, Keishampat, Keisham Leikai, Imphal West, Manipur. E-mail: preetigurumayum@gmail.com DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2018 dermatology outpatient dep...

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Onychomycosis: dermatophytes to yeasts: an experience in and around Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

A Study on the Pattern of Fungi Causing Onychomycosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Imphal

A Study on the Pattern of Fungi Causing Onychomycosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Imphal

Mycological Aspects of Onychomycosis in Khuzestan Province, Iran, a New Scenario as Shift from Dermatophytes towards Yeasts

Mycological Pattern of Dermatomycoses in a Tertiary Care Centre in North East India

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