Open‐cell polyvinylidene fluoride foams as carriers to promote biofilm growth for biological wastewater treatment

Ghahramani, Pardis; Eldyasti, Ahmed; Leung, Siu N.

doi:10.1002/pen.25741

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In the next step, the particulate leaching technique was initiated to proceed with the foaming part. [67,68] For this purpose, citric acid particles were manually added to the mixture and mixed to obtain a homogeneous composite. The weight of citric acid particles was measured to meet 3:2, 7:3, and 4:1 (citric acid to PDMS) mass ratios to make samples with 60%, 70%, and 80% voids, respectively.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Pdms/mwcnt Nanocomposite Foammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Novel flexible piezoresistive nanocomposite foams have played important role in a wide range of applications including pressure sensing technology, damage protection, sound insulation, battery electrode supports, and so forth. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Due to the electrical resistance change in response to an external force in piezoresistive materials, nanocomposite foams have potential applications in force mapping systems including in artificial joints to help the rehabilitation of people who suffer from osteoarthritis. [8][9][10] Nanocomposite foams have important characteristics such as high sensitivity, lightweight, high flexibility, and high mechanical resistance, which enable them to expand their applications in different areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical characterization of multifunctional highly porous carbon nanotube‐reinforced foams

et al. 2023

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In recent years, novel features of ultra‐flexible nanocomposite foams have drawn tremendous attention toward these materials to be utilized in a variety of engineering applications. Since Young's modulus of nanocomposite foams is related to their mechanical strength and directly affects their applications, in this study, this property was evaluated experimentally and theoretically. In this regard, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposite foams with different filler contents (e.g., 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 wt%) and different porosities (e.g., 60%, 70%, and 80%) were fabricated by solvent casting and particulate leaching methods. The results suggested that the optimum value for foam porosity and MWCNT content is required to elevate Young's modulus of nanocomposite foams. The experimental data indicated that in the samples with 60% porosity increasing MWCNT content improved Young's modulus of the samples; however, in the samples with 70% porosity Young's modulus was elevated when the filler content was up to 0.25 wt%. Moreover, using the experimental data, a theoretical approach was successfully extended to predict Young's modulus of nanocomposite foams with the combination of different void fractions and CNT contents.

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Section: Fabrication Of Pdms/mwcnt Nanocomposite Foammentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical characterization of multifunctional highly porous carbon nanotube‐reinforced foams

et al. 2023

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“…In this study, 60 wt.% and 70 wt.% leaching agent contents were used in the foam fabrication process to achieve the best result. Less than 60% leaching agent content can adversely affect the complete citric acid leaching process in foam structure, and more than 70% leaching agent content can lead to a fragile foam structure with reduced mechanical strength (Ghahramani et al, 2021). The samples are entitled as 70%–0.5% (foam nanocomposites with 70 wt.% leaching agent content and 0.5 wt.% MWCNT content), 70%–1% (foam nanocomposites with 70 wt.% leaching agent content and 1 wt.% MWCNT content), and 60%–0.5% (foam nanocomposites with 60 wt.% leaching agent content and 0.5 wt.% MWCNT content).…”

Section: Experimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of piezoresistive PDMS/MWCNT foam nanocomposite sensor with ultrahigh flexibility and compressibility

Ghahramani

Behdinan

Naguib

2021

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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Polymer foam nanocomposites attract great interest in many wide ranges of biomedical and healthcare monitoring applications. In this study, we investigated the effect of porosity and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) content on the piezoresistivity, sensitivity, and mechanical properties of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/MWCNT foam nanocomposite. The foam nanocomposites were fabricated by particulate leaching method and their electrical and mechanical characteristics were investigated using the different porosity levels (60% and 70%) and different conductive nanofiller contents (0.5 wt.% and 1 wt.%). The foam nanocomposites with 0.5 wt.% MWCNT content and 60% porosity possessed higher pressure sensitivity, higher gage factor, and lower electrical hysteresis along with higher mechanical properties. Moreover, fabricated PDMS/MWCNT foam nanocomposite demonstrated high flexibility, high compressibility, and high recoverability in addition to limited mechanical hysteresis (less than 3%) with a large dynamic sensing range. Contrary to the existing foam nanocomposite samples in the literature, PDMS/MWCNT foam nanocomposites withstood higher pressure ranges (3.5–5 MPa) at limited thickness (average 2.3 mm) without experiencing noticeable macroscopic damage.

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“…Researchers have made some attempts at adjusting and controlling the opening degree of polymer foam. − Reactive pore-openers are employed for preparing polyurethane foam (PUF) to improve pore opening. They can decelerate polymer chain elongation and prolong the low-viscosity state of matrices during foaming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Interpenetrating-Phase Composites Based on the Combined Effects of Open-Cell PIF and Porous TPU Microstructures for Enhanced Mechanical and Acoustical Characteristics

Ren,

Wang,

Sun

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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The open-cell foam is a highly preferred soundabsorbing material used for improving indoor sound quality. Herein, polyimide foam (PIF) with an open-cell structure was synthesized through the introduction of oxalic acid dihydrate (H 2 C 2 O 4 •2H 2 O). The introduction and subsequent decomposition of H 2 C 2 O 4 •2H 2 O provided additional heterogeneous nucleation sites during foaming and promoted the formation of open-cell structures. The relation between H 2 C 2 O 4 •2H 2 O content and pore structure, the formation mechanism of open-cell structures, and the effect of H 2 C 2 O 4 •2H 2 O content on the sound absorption performance were analyzed. Furthermore, interpenetrating-phase thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/PIF composites were prepared via non-solvent-induced phase separation on the basis of the open-cell PIF. The formation of porous TPU microstructures and improvement of mechanical and acoustic properties of the interpenetrating-phase composites were discussed. Two main forms of TPU existed in the interpenetrating composites: microparticle TPU structure and microporous TPU structure. The compression strength (125.54 kPa) and sound insulation capacity of 10%TPU/PIF3 were 3.47 and approximately 5 times those of open-cell PIF3, respectively. Moreover, the average sound absorption coefficient (1000−6400 Hz) increased by 58.43% compared to that of opencell PIF3. The design based on the open-cell PIF promoted the enrichment of internal channels, and the construction of the internal channels with porous TPU microstructures achieved reflection enhancement and viscoelastic damping dissipation. Finally, the combined effects of the two designs synchronously enhanced the mechanical properties, sound absorption, and sound insulation properties of TPU/PIF materials, providing a thought for improving the acoustic properties of serialized polymer foam materials.

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Open‐cell polyvinylidene fluoride foams as carriers to promote biofilm growth for biological wastewater treatment

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Mechanical characterization of multifunctional highly porous carbon nanotube‐reinforced foams

Mechanical characterization of multifunctional highly porous carbon nanotube‐reinforced foams

Development of piezoresistive PDMS/MWCNT foam nanocomposite sensor with ultrahigh flexibility and compressibility

Formation of Interpenetrating-Phase Composites Based on the Combined Effects of Open-Cell PIF and Porous TPU Microstructures for Enhanced Mechanical and Acoustical Characteristics

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