Open Science, Open Data, and Open Scholarship: European Policies to Make Science Fit for the Twenty-First Century

Burgelman, Jean‐Claude; Pascu, Corina; Szkuta, Katarzyna; Schomberg, René von; Karalopoulos, Athanasios; Repanas, Konstantinos; Schouppe, Michel

doi:10.3389/fdata.2019.00043

Cited by 141 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Horizon 2020, the new European Framework for research, and innovation is boosting Open Science to promote scholarly communication [35]. After the publication of the "Open Innovation, Open Science, Open to the World" the European Commission, collaborating with the key stakeholders, has been developing new structures to adopt this new vision of the openness of science [36]. For instance, the "Open Science Policy Platform" [16].…”

Section: Open Science Initiatives In Universities: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main objectives of Horizon 2020 are to establish mandatory access to scientific publications generated by European funds and to recommend the opening of research databases, which in the end will have to be open by default [36]. In this sense, the European Commission has established a Fair Data expert working group to address the policy and cultural and technological changes facing the opening of science [42].…”

Section: Open Science Initiatives In Universities: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sense, the European Commission has established a Fair Data expert working group to address the policy and cultural and technological changes facing the opening of science [42]. According to this, Burgelman et al [36] affirm that these policies seek to improve collaboration and engagement of science with society.…”

Section: Open Science Initiatives In Universities: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expanding the actions of Open Government in higher education sector: From web transparency to Open Science

2020

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Universities have been pressured by governments to change their way of acting and to be more responsible with the requirements of social development to face the challenges of globalization. To this end, universities must use the principles of Open Science, to allow them to be more transparent regarding the dissemination of scientific results. The purpose of this paper is firstly, to determine the progress made in Open Access policies made by the best-ranked universities regarding ARWU. Secondly, to examine influencing factors that enhance the level of openness in researching, in particular, "transparency", "reputation", "participation", "funding", "foundation" and "size". The main results show that those private and older universities, best-ranked in terms of excellence researching and those that have been gradually adopting Open Government policies concerning the dissemination of information through institutional web pages and social participation, are the most interested with complying the recommendations established by the authorities of the Open Science projects.

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Section: Open Science Initiatives In Universities: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Open Science Initiatives In Universities: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Open Science Initiatives In Universities: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expanding the actions of Open Government in higher education sector: From web transparency to Open Science

2020

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“…In 1 response to increased awareness on existing challenges related to the reliability and accountability in scientific work, scholars are motivated to increase the transparency of 2 various aspects of their work, starting from the initial research and analysis plans to the dissemination of the final product (Bezjak et al, 2018;Munafò et al, 2017;Nosek et al, 2015Nosek et al, , 2018Stall et al, 2019) . In parallel, expectations from journals, funders, and policy makers to improve the accessibility and transparency of scholarly products is steadily increasing (Aczel et al, 2019;Burgelman et al, 2019;Morey et al, 2016;Perkel, 2019;SPARC Europe, 2019;Teytelman, 2018) , further feeding the upward spiral towards more transparent workflows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards wide-scale adoption of open science practices: The role of open science communities

Armeni¹,

Brinkman²,

Carlsson³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Open Science (OS) increases the quality, efficiency, and impact of science. This has been widely recognised by scholars, funders, and policy makers. However, despite the increasing availability of infrastructure supporting OS and the rise in policies and incentives to change behavior, OS practices are not yet the norm. While pioneering researchers are developing and embracing OS practices, the majority sticks to the status quo. To transition from pioneering to common practice, we need to engage a critical proportion of the academic community. In this transition, Open Science Communities (OSCs) play a key role. OSCs are bottom-up learning groups of scholars that discuss OS practices, within and across disciplines. They make OS knowledge and know-how more visible and accessible, and facilitate communication among scholars and policy makers. By the same token, community members shape the transition to OS such that it is most beneficial for researchers, science, and society. Over the past two years, eleven OSCs were founded at several Dutch university cities, with approximately 700 members in total (at the time of writing). In other countries, similar OSCs are starting up. In this paper, we discuss the pivotal role OSCs play in the large-scale transition to OS and provide practical information on how to start a local OSC. We emphasize that, despite the grassroot character of OSCs, support from universities is critical for OSCs to be viable, effective, and sustainable.

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“…The scientific community is showing an increasing awareness of the scientific value of reusable research data. This has already resulted in the FAIR principles being formally accepted in several data management guidelines, e.g., in the Horizon2020 program [ 3 ] of the European Commission, and integrated into research funding policy [ 4 , 5 ]. Its technical implementation is supported by data repositories, which store and share research data in a FAIR manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The on-premise data sharing infrastructure e!DAL: Foster FAIR data for faster data acquisition

et al. 2020

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Background The FAIR data principle as a commitment to support long-term research data management is widely accepted in the scientific community. Although the ELIXIR Core Data Resources and other established infrastructures provide comprehensive and long-term stable services and platforms for FAIR data management, a large quantity of research data is still hidden or at risk of getting lost. Currently, high-throughput plant genomics and phenomics technologies are producing research data in abundance, the storage of which is not covered by established core databases. This concerns the data volume, e.g., time series of images or high-resolution hyper-spectral data; the quality of data formatting and annotation, e.g., with regard to structure and annotation specifications of core databases; uncovered data domains; or organizational constraints prohibiting primary data storage outside institional boundaries. Results To share these potentially dark data in a FAIR way and master these challenges the ELIXIR Germany/de.NBI service Plant Genomic and Phenomics Research Data Repository (PGP) implements a “bring the infrastructure to the data” approach, which allows research data to be kept in place and wrapped in a FAIR-aware software infrastructure. This article presents new features of the e!DAL infrastructure software and the PGP repository as a best practice on how to easily set up FAIR-compliant and intuitive research data services. Furthermore, the integration of the ELIXIR Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure (AAI) and data discovery services are introduced as means to lower technical barriers and to increase the visibility of research data. Conclusion The e!DAL software matured to a powerful and FAIR-compliant infrastructure, while keeping the focus on flexible setup and integration into existing infrastructures and into the daily research process.

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Open Science, Open Data, and Open Scholarship: European Policies to Make Science Fit for the Twenty-First Century

Cited by 141 publications

References 26 publications

Expanding the actions of Open Government in higher education sector: From web transparency to Open Science

Expanding the actions of Open Government in higher education sector: From web transparency to Open Science

Towards wide-scale adoption of open science practices: The role of open science communities

The on-premise data sharing infrastructure e!DAL: Foster FAIR data for faster data acquisition

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