Open‐source 3D printed sensors for hand strength assessment: Validation of low‐cost load cell and fabric sensor‐based systems

Abstract

This study lays the foundation for these sensor systems to be modified for use as assessment tools during the performance of functional tasks using everyday objects. Additionally, because both systems generate real-time force data they could be used for biofeedback as part of rehabilitation and strengthening programs. To aid uptake and future research using these systems, the 3D print models, step-by-step hardware design and software programs used are provided in an open-source format at www.rehabtools.org/otsensors.html.

Special Issue: Innovations in occupational therapy measurement

“…On paper present an innovative way to measure hand function necessary for occupational performance through open source 3D printed load cell and sensor based systems for measuring hand strength (Cutler et al ., ). Two systems of sensors for hand strength assessment showed adequate absolute and relative agreement and shows sensor systems can be modified for use as assessment tools.…”

“…Further in this special issue, Cutler, Hamilton, Hough, Baines and Clark () examined the criterion validity of two innovative systems for measuring pinch strength: a small load cell and pressure‐sensing fabric with a traditional gold standard mechanical pinch gauge. Scanlan () evaluated the construct and internal validity the Professional Identity Questionnaire (PIQ) using a Rasch analysis approach with a cohort of occupational therapy respondents.…”

“…(). Criterion validity: 3D printed sensors, Cutler et al . (); and HOME FAST‐HP Mackenzie and Byles (). Responsiveness: fTORT, Taylor et al . (). Clinical utility: I‐HOPE, Aplin and Ainsworth (); ATOP/M, Auger et al .…”

“…The majority of measures were developed using Classical Test Theory (CTT), while only two measures were developed using Item Response Theory (IRT): CTT : 3D printed sensors, Cutler et al . (); AusTOMS‐OT, Unsworth et al . (); CEQ, Lyons et al .…”

Assessing the Validity and Reliability of A Low-Cost Microcontroller-Based Load Cell Amplifier for Measuring Lower Limb and Upper Limb Muscular Force

“…However, before systems using these microcontrollers can be implemented, their validity and reliability must be examined. Precisely, the criterion validity, the intra-day reliability and the inter-day reliability of a low-cost microcontroller-based load cell amplifier for measuring maximum isometric muscle strength development, in the context of force assessments has not been studied widely, and therefore needs to be explored [ 16 ].…”