Open-Source MQTT-Based End-to-End IoT System for Smart City Scenarios

D’Ortona, Cristian; Tarchi, Daniele; Raffaelli, Carla

doi:10.3390/fi14020057

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Additionally, it serves as a framework that connects users, data, and applications, enabling the creation of applications by developers. Among the messaging protocols used as middleware for bidirectional communication between IoT components, MQTT is widely popular [30].…”

Section: Middlewarementioning

confidence: 99%

An Applied Framework for Smarter Buildings Exploiting a Self-Adapted Advantage Weighted Actor-Critic

Papaioannou,

Dimara,

Korkas

et al. 2024

Energies

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Smart buildings are rapidly becoming more prevalent, aiming to create energy-efficient and comfortable living spaces. Nevertheless, the design of a smart building is a multifaceted approach that faces numerous challenges, with the primary one being the algorithm needed for energy management. In this paper, the design of a smart building, with a particular emphasis on the algorithm for controlling the indoor environment, is addressed. The implementation and evaluation of the Advantage-Weighted Actor-Critic algorithm is examined in a four-unit residential simulated building. Moreover, a novel self-adapted Advantage-Weighted Actor-Critic algorithm is proposed, tested, and evaluated in both the simulated and real building. The results underscore the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy compared to Rule-Based Controllers, Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient, and Advantage-Weighted Actor-Critic. Experimental results demonstrate a 34.91% improvement compared to the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient and a 2.50% increase compared to the best Advantage-Weighted Actor-Critic method in the first epoch during a real-life scenario. These findings solidify the Self-Adapted Advantage-Weighted Actor-Critic algorithm’s efficacy, positioning it as a promising and advanced solution in the realm of smart building optimization.

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Section: Middlewarementioning

confidence: 99%

An Applied Framework for Smarter Buildings Exploiting a Self-Adapted Advantage Weighted Actor-Critic

Papaioannou,

Dimara,

Korkas

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…MQTT is one the main protocols that is used for the IoT and for the implementation of middleware services, alongside COAP, AMQP and HTTP [49]. It is nowadays used in many application scenarios, such as smart homes and smart buildings [50,51], smart cities [52], smart grids and energy management [53,54], smart agriculture [55], environmental monitoring and early warning [56], and so on. Furthermore, the main cloud platforms for the IoT use MQTT as their middleware service and brokering protocol [9].…”

Section: Mqttmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of a Framework for Smart Home Automation Based on Cellular IoT, MQTT, and Serverless Functions

Esposito

Belli

Palma

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Smart objects and home automation tools are becoming increasingly popular, and the number of smart devices that each dedicated application has to manage is increasing accordingly. The emergence of technologies such as serverless computing and dedicated machine-to-machine communication protocols represents a valuable opportunity to facilitate management of smart objects and replicability of new solutions. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework for home automation applications that can be applied to control and monitor any appliance or object in a smart home environment. The proposed framework makes use of a dedicated messages-exchange protocol based on MQTT and cloud-deployed serverless functions. Furthermore, a vocal command interface is implemented to let users control the smart object with vocal interactions, greatly increasing the accessibility and intuitiveness of the proposed solution. A smart object, namely a smart kitchen fan extractor system, was developed, prototyped, and tested to illustrate the viability of the proposed solution. The smart object is equipped with a narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) module to send and receive commands to and from the cloud. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed solution, the suitability of NB-IoT for the transmission of MQTT messages was evaluated. The results show how NB-IoT has an acceptable latency performance despite some minimal packet loss.

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“…Micropython is a low-level Python operating with advanced features to transfer commands from general Python to embedded systems. Based on Micropython, they are open source and ready-used libraries to control physical sensors such as DHT, AM2320, and EmonLib for monitoring electric current consumed, which works well with SCT-013 [39]. We streamed signals from all factors to Google Cloud Internet of Things (IoT) Core [40], data collection in the cloud, ready to analyze and visualize to support engineers interpreting thermal comfort situations.…”

Section: Design and Development Of Device Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Development of Internet of Things-Driven Fault Detection of Indoor Thermal Comfort: HVAC System Problems Case Study

Sahoh

Kliangkhlao

Kittiphattanabawon

2022

Sensors

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Controlling thermal comfort in the indoor environment demands research because it is fundamental to indicating occupants’ health, wellbeing, and performance in working productivity. A suitable thermal comfort must monitor and balance complex factors from heating, ventilation, air-conditioning systems (HVAC Systems) and outdoor and indoor environments based on advanced technology. It needs engineers and technicians to observe relevant factors on a physical site and to detect problems using their experience to fix them early and prevent them from worsening. However, it is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task, while experts are short on diagnosing and producing proactive plans and actions. This research addresses the limitations by proposing a new Internet of Things (IoT)-driven fault detection system for indoor thermal comfort. We focus on the well-known problem caused by an HVAC system that cannot transfer heat from the indoor to outdoor and needs engineers to diagnose such concerns. The IoT device is developed to observe perceptual information from the physical site as a system input. The prior knowledge from existing research and experts is encoded to help systems detect problems in the manner of human-like intelligence. Three standard categories of machine learning (ML) based on geometry, probability, and logical expression are applied to the system for learning HVAC system problems. The results report that the MLs could improve overall performance based on prior knowledge around 10% compared to perceptual information. Well-designed IoT devices with prior knowledge reduced false positives and false negatives in the predictive process that aids the system to reach satisfactory performance.

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Open-Source MQTT-Based End-to-End IoT System for Smart City Scenarios

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

An Applied Framework for Smarter Buildings Exploiting a Self-Adapted Advantage Weighted Actor-Critic

An Applied Framework for Smarter Buildings Exploiting a Self-Adapted Advantage Weighted Actor-Critic

Design and Implementation of a Framework for Smart Home Automation Based on Cellular IoT, MQTT, and Serverless Functions

Design and Development of Internet of Things-Driven Fault Detection of Indoor Thermal Comfort: HVAC System Problems Case Study

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