OpenEM – Electromagnetic field mapping robot for microwave and RF measurements

Wang, Benjamin; Sud, Rayan; Leung, Michael; Yang, Mimi X.; Rodríguez, Jesse A.; Lee, S. W. Ricky; Cappelli, Mark A.

doi:10.1016/j.ohx.2019.e00062

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These 3-D printer cost reductions also have enabled 3-D printing education applications, which are now broad and widespread [33], including: medical education [34,35], in particular anatomy [36,37] and prosthetic applications [38], special education [39], cultural heritage [40], geoscience education [41], engineering [42,43], STEM education [44][45][46], sustainable development education [47] and teacher education for digital design [48,49]. Robot hardware has been designed for education, ranging from electromagnetic field mapping robots [50], to Shybo, a low-anthropomorphic robot for children [51], and YOLO, a creativity-stimulating robot for children [52]. 3-D printers, largely direct technical decedents of RepRap-based technology, cover the full spectrum of children's education, including primary and elementary school [53,54], middle school [55], secondary/high school [56,57] and combinations of the three [58].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economics of Classroom 3-D Printing of Open-Source Digital Designs of Learning Aids

Gallup

Pearce

2020

Designs

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While schools struggle financially, capital for purchasing physical learning aids is often cut. To determine if costs could be reduced for learning aids, this study analyzed classroom-based distributed digital manufacturing using 3-D printing of open-source learning aid designs. Learning aid designs are analyzed in detail for their economic viability considering printing and assembly costs with purchased components and compared to equivalent or inferior commercial products available on Amazon. The results show current open-source 3-D printers are capable of manufacturing useful learning aids and that doing so provides high economic savings in the classroom. Overall, the average learning aid would save teachers 86% when fabricating it themselves. The results show that the average design evaluated was downloaded over 1,500 times and the average savings per year per open-source learning aid design was USD 11,822. To date, the 38 learning aid designs evaluated in this study saved over USD 45,000 each and the total of all of them saved the international educational community over USD 1.7 million. It is clear that investing in the development of open-source learning aids for students provides a return on investment (ROI) for investors hoping to improve education, on average, of more than 100%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economics of Classroom 3-D Printing of Open-Source Digital Designs of Learning Aids

Gallup

Pearce

2020

Designs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Any detailed investigation of the field distribution inside the cavity has been addressed only through numerical simulations or through its qualitative monitoring using techniques that involved microwave-absorbing materials such as liquids held in microwave-transparent sheets 20,62 placed in the applicator. In the case of a single mode waveguide-type cavity (with a plunger), the way to measure the field distribution inside the cavity, although not straightforward, is better developed 15,63 using what was referred to as the 'inside method' when it was being developed first. 64 The measurement scheme being proposed here for probing the multimode applicator for assessing the positionwise field distribution is approximate but of the 'inside method' type.…”

Section: Measured Q Mw or E 0 (X Y Z) Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing multimode applicator of microwave heating system for E‐field distribution using a silicon carbide sensor and a shielded thermocouple

Iyer

Shivashankar

Sai

et al. 2022

Int J Ceramic Engine & Sci

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Measurement of the field distribution in a multimode applicator of a microwave heating system has been a challenging problem. We report here a simple but comprehensive scheme for its semi‐quantitative estimation under no‐load conditions. It involves the measurement of temperature (T) versus time (t) profiles in a small silicon carbide (SiC) sensor ring positioned at the junction end of a metal‐jacketed microwave‐compatible thermocouple probe arrangement. These heating profiles (T vs. t) were measured using a data acquisition system, keeping the SiC ring at different (x, y, z) positions in the applicator. Using this measurement scheme, the spatial positions with local field minimum as inferred from very high reflected power or those with local field maximum with associated thermal runaway type condition could be well identified. Given the thermal and the dielectric properties of SiC material and the physical dimensions of the sensor ring, a uniform microwave field‐based model with a thermal lumped element type approximation (with no thermal gradient across SiC) was applied for analysis of the T versus t heating profiles. Within this model, the locally effective electric field E could be inferred for low and moderate electric field ranges. While the accuracy of the field estimation is currently limited by the use of the metal‐jacketed thermocouple and other factors, this SiC sensor‐based methodology has the potential to be developed further to be useful in the area of microwave applicator design.

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Experimental study of electromagnetic wave scattering from a gyrotropic gaseous plasma column

Houriez

Bernety

Rodríguez

et al. 2022

Applied Physics Letters

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We experimentally demonstrate the controlled scattering of incident transverse-electric electromagnetic waves from a gyrotropic magnetized plasma cylindrical discharge. Scattered electromagnetic waves can bend left and right by changing the external magnetic field of a plasma rod. Measured scattered wavefronts are in good agreement with electromagnetic simulations. A gyrotropic response is observed for incident wave frequencies ranging from 3.5 to 5.6 GHz for conditions corresponding to a ratio of cyclotron frequency to plasma frequency, [Formula: see text] 0.16. The observation of a gyrotropic response from cylindrical plasma discharges paves the way for their use as building blocks for future devices such as magnetized plasma photonic crystals, topological insulators, plasma metamaterials, non-reciprocal waveguide structures, and other devices, which require a tunable gyrotropic response from centimeter to meter-scale materials with application-specific geometry.

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OpenEM – Electromagnetic field mapping robot for microwave and RF measurements

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

The Economics of Classroom 3-D Printing of Open-Source Digital Designs of Learning Aids

The Economics of Classroom 3-D Printing of Open-Source Digital Designs of Learning Aids

Probing multimode applicator of microwave heating system for E‐field distribution using a silicon carbide sensor and a shielded thermocouple

Experimental study of electromagnetic wave scattering from a gyrotropic gaseous plasma column

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