Opening the ‘Non-Manufacturing’ envelope: The next big enterprise for international business research

Merchant, Hemant; Gaur, Ajai

doi:10.1007/s11575-008-0022-z

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Further, our study responds to calls for more research on service sector firm internationalisation (Kundu & Merchant, 2008, Merchant & Gaur, 2008 and in particular to calls for more attention to the role of speed in the internationalisation of firms (e.g., Andersen, 1993, Bowen, 2007, Li & Li, 2007.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Intangible assets, international experience and the internationalisation speed of retailers

Mohr

Batsakis

2014

International Marketing Review

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Firm resources, international experience and internationalisation speed of retailersPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to study draws on the resource-and knowledge based views (RBV/KBV) of the firm to explain the internationalisation speed of retail firms.Design/methodology/approach -The authors use a panel data set of 144 international retailers over a ten-year period and employ feasible generalised least squares analysis in order to assess the effect of intangible assets and international experience on internationalisation speed.Findings -The results support direct effects of intangible assets and international experience, while the latter effect is also moderated by firms' home-region concentration. Practical implications -The findings imply that firms need to have particular intangible resources before being able to internationalise rapidly. They also show that decision-makers need to be mindful of the effects of international experience in allowing them to expand overseas both within and outside their home region. Research limitations/implicationsOriginality/value -There has been very little research into the speed with which firms in general and service sector firms in particular expand their operations internationally. Through a theory-based analysis of a newly created panel data set this study provides novel insights into the factors that lead retail firms to internationalise rapidly.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Intangible assets, international experience and the internationalisation speed of retailers

Mohr

Batsakis

2014

International Marketing Review

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“…However, research on the internationalization of service firms is still lagging behind research on internationalization in manufacturing industries (Merchant and Gaur 2008;Apfelthaler and Vaiman 2012). There is a particular lack of research on OSPs.…”

Section: How Do Osps Fit In With Internationalization Theories?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The online–offline balance: internationalization for Swedish online service providers

Wentrup

2016

J Int Entrep

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Online service providers (OSPs) are becoming increasingly important in the global economy and are undertaking internationalization at a remarkable speed. Since they depend on digital delivery over the internet, OSPs are portrayed as footloose in their geographical expansion and are often described as Bborn global.^However, on the basis of three case studies, the paper reveals the importance of the home market as a springboard, and of regional expansion in the early phase of internationalization. The paper emphasizes the balance in the internationalization process between an online and an offline presence in the new international market. The time gap between online and offline presence, the online-to-offline interval, seems to be a critical factor in the internationalization process. The speed of the internet industry and the technically complex nature of online services could explain why the case firms chose controlled modes of entry. The case firms thus skip sequential steps, following a pattern that is in contrast to the Uppsala model. Overall, the paper suggests that finding the right balance between the online and the offline presence is a challenge in the internationalization of these particular Swedish OSP firms.Résumé Les online service providers (OSPs) autrement dit les entreprises qui offrent des services par internet, prennent de plus en plus d'importance dans l'économie globale et connaissent une internationalisation remarquablement rapide. Dépendants de la livraison numérique via internet, les OSPs sont considérés comme bénéficiant d'une expansion géographique sans entrave et sont souvent décrits comme Bborn global^. Pourtant, basé sur trois études de cas, l'article révèle l'importance du tremplin que représente le marché d'origine, suivi par l'expansion régionale dans la première phase d'internationalisation. L'article met l'accent sur l'équilibre, entre la présence en ligne et hors ligne, dans le processus d'internationalisation. L'à-propos dans le passage J Int Entrep du hors ligne au en ligne, c'est à dire l'intervalle entre l'existence en ligne et l'existence hors ligne, parait être un facteur déterminant dans le processus d'internationalisation. La vitesse de l'industrie internet, et la nature complexe des services en ligne pourraient expliquer pourquoi les entreprises étudiées ont choisi des modes d'entrée contrôlés. Ces entreprises ont cependant sautés certaines étapes séquentielles, ce qui constitue un modèle contrastant avec le modèle d'Uppsala. Globalement, l'article suggère que trouver la bonne mesure entre présence en ligne et hors ligne est un défi pour l'internationalisation des OSPs suédois présentés. Summary HighlightsContributions: This timely study sheds light on the internationalization process for online service providers (OSPs). Its contribution includes three case studies of some of the best-known Swedish OSPs, and it introduces new theoretical concepts and a spatial interpretation of the internationalization process. The spatial online-offline balance offers a new way of thinki...

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“…In terms of volume, the service industry is still under-represented in international business research (Pillmayer and Scherle 2014; Deprey et al 2012;Merchant and Gaur 2008). Furthermore, the existing research has some gaps that deserve more attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internationalisation at home: The internationalisation of location-bound service SMEs

Turunen

Nummela

2016

J Int Entrep

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This study explores how location-bound service small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)-such as tourism companies-internationalise. We suggest that key dimensions in the internationalisation of these firms are the available resource base, the company network and its embeddedness and entrepreneurial capabilities, particularly entrepreneur's language skills, global mindset and cultural awareness. We propose an internationalisation framework model supported by three illustrative case examples from Finland. The framework differentiates between passive developers, emerging developers and international entrepreneurs. The study makes several contributions. First, it provides an advanced view on the internationalisation of service firms and challenges in previously applied theories in a novel context. Second, it highlights the significance of location-bound resources in the process. Third, the findings indicate that the interplay between the resource base, company network and entrepreneurial capabilities is decisive for internationalisation. We also suggest managerial implications for both the industry and policymakers, supporting the internationalisation of locationbound service firms.Diese Studie untersucht, wie ortsgebundene Dienstleister, wie zum Beispiel KMUs in der Touristikbranche, international expandieren. Wir schlagen vor, daβ die verfügbaren Ressourcen, das unternehmerische Netzwerk, die Sprachkenntnisse des Unternehmers, die unternehmerischen Fähigkeiten, eine globale Denkweise und kulturelles Bewusstsein zu den wichtigsten Dimensionen der Internationalisierung gehören. Durch drei anschauliche Fallbeispiele aus Finnland entwickeln wir ein Internationalisierungsmodell, welches wir vorschlagen. Das Rahmenmodell, welches zwischen passiven und aufstrebenden Entwicklern, sowie internationalen Unternehmern unterscheidet, macht eine Reihe von Kontributionen. Erstens, J Int Entrep es erweitert unser Verstehen der Internationalisierung von Dienstleistern und fordert etablierte Theorien durch einen neuen Kontext heraus. Zweitens, es hebt die Bedeutung der ortsgebundenen Ressourcen hervor, die zum Internationalisierungsprozess beitragen. Auβerdem zeigen unsere Ergebnisse, daβ das Zusammenspiel von Ressource-Basis, Firmennetzwerken und unternehmerischen Fähigkeiten von entscheidender Bedeutung für die Internationalisierung sind, Ergebnisse, die uns veranlassen, praktische Implikationen für Unternehmen, wie für Gesetzgeber vorzuschlagen, damit die Internationalisierung ortsgebundener KMUs im Dienstleistungssektor unterstützt wird. Summary HighlightsContributions: The study is among the first to study the internationalisation of locationbased tourism small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It highlights the difference between the internationalisation of these firms and other service firms. It broadens the concept of internationalisation and emphasises the importance of location-bound resources in the process. Research question: How location-bound service SMEs-such as tourism companiesinternationalise?Findings: Based on...

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Opening the ‘Non-Manufacturing’ envelope: The next big enterprise for international business research

Cited by 49 publications

References 44 publications

Intangible assets, international experience and the internationalisation speed of retailers

Intangible assets, international experience and the internationalisation speed of retailers

The online–offline balance: internationalization for Swedish online service providers

Internationalisation at home: The internationalisation of location-bound service SMEs

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