Operation of a Pilot‐Scale Submerged Combustion Melter

Rue, D.M.; Kunc, Walter; Aronchik, G. I.

doi:10.1002/9780470924402.ch13

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…• submerged combustion technology (SCM) [28][29][30][31]; • batch inflight technology [32]; • centrifugal fining [33,34]; • vacuum fining; based on a 1926 patent by ASAHI Co; recent patent, e.g. [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects and physical limits of processes and technologies in glass melting

Conradt

2019

Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies

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The paper is devoted to the physics of continuously operating fuel-fired glass furnaces with supplementary electrical boosting. Furnaces are treated in their basic function as heat exchangers and chemical reactors. First, as an expression of the 1 st law of thermodynamics, a general heat balance is elaborated in detail. The function as heat exchanger is characterized by three dimensionless key indicators: the temperature efficiency (comprising adiabatic flame, glass exit, and environmental temperature), the heat capacity flow match of hot and cold stream, and the number of heat transfer units. A 2 nd law treatment reveals the bottle neck of furnace optimization between two conflicting objectives. i.e., high production rates and high energy efficiency. Based on this treatment, an evaluation procedure for furnace performance is presented. It rests on a retrospective analysis of furnace operation data and allows one to quantitatively compare furnaces of different sizes and production capacities as well as the effect of different batches used in the same furnace. A number of industrial case studies demonstrate the usefulness and reliability of the approach. Finally, an expression for the ultimate physical limit of energy utilization efficiency of a fuel fired furnace in general is derived.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects and physical limits of processes and technologies in glass melting

Conradt

2019

Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies

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“…The GTI led consortium work ended with the demonstration of energy‐efficient bottom melting for a wide range of industrial glasses . The melter was found to produce a chemically homogeneous glass that contained 25–30% void fraction of inclusions (bubbles) which ranged from 0.1 μm to several millimeters.…”

Section: Introduction/overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submerged Combustion Melting of Glass

Rue

Brown

2011

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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Advances in tank melter, refractory, controls, and heat source technology have paralleled progress in glass chemistry, quality, and production scale for decades. These same advances have also led to a revival of the 75-year-old concept of bottom heating for glass melting. To create high-intensity heat transfer and rapid melt homogenization, bottom heating, or submerged combustion melting, uses forced convection and direct contact heat transfer. The work of European, American, and Ukranian scientists has demonstrated that bottom heating offers energy savings, emissions reductions, and cost savings relative to conventional melting. Recent work by the Gas Technology Institute of the United States, in partnership with a consortium of glass companies, has advanced the bottom heating technology for a number of glass products to the brink of commercialization. With ongoing work a practical, rapid refining process could be developed to enable bottom melting as an alternative melting approach for a broad range of commercial glasses.

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