Operation of KSTAR PF Superconducting Magnet Power Supplies Under MG Power System

Ahn, Hyun-Sik; Lee, Dong-Ken; Choi, Jaehoon; Jin, J.K.; Hong, Seong-Lok; Eom, Dae-Young; Park, Kaprai

doi:10.1109/tasc.2016.2522558

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…They provide high magnetic fields in a much smaller size. However, they face some challenges, such as manufacturing and operation support issues and quench protection in HTS magnets [42][43][44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Applications Of Scs and The Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence methods for applied superconductivity: material, design, manufacturing, testing, operation, and condition monitoring

Yazdani-Asrami

Sadeghi

Song

et al. 2022

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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More than a century after the discovery of superconductors (SCs), numerous studies have been accomplished to take the advantage of SCs in physics, power engineering, quantum computing, electronics, communications, aviation, health care, and defence-related applications. However, there are still challenges that hinder the full-scale commercialization of SCs, such as the high cost of superconducting wires/tapes, technical issues related to AC losses, the structure of superconducting devices, the complexity and high cost of the cooling systems, the critical temperature, and manufacturing related issues. In the current century, massive advancements have been achieved on artificial intelligence (AI) techniques by offering disruptive solutions to handle engineering problems. Consequently, AI techniques can be implemented to tackle those challenges facing superconductivity and act as a shortcut towards full commercialization of SCs and their applications. AI approaches are capable of providing fast, efficient, and accurate solutions for the technical, manufacturing, and economic problems with a high level of complexity and nonlinearity in the field of superconductivity. In this paper, concept of AI and the widely used algorithms are first given. Then a critical topical review is presented for those conducted studies that used AI methods for improvement, design, condition monitoring, fault detection and location of superconducting apparatuses in large scale power applications, as well as the prediction of critical temperature and the structure of new SCs, and any other related applications. The topical review are presented in three main categories, AI for large-scale superconducting applications, AI for superconducting materials, and AI for physics of superconductors. In addition, the challenges to apply AI techniques to the superconductivity and its applications are given. Eventually, future trends on how to integrate AI techniques with superconductivity towards the commercialization are discussed.

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Section: Applications Of Scs and The Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence methods for applied superconductivity: material, design, manufacturing, testing, operation, and condition monitoring

Yazdani-Asrami

Sadeghi

Song

et al. 2022

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…Cost Calculation for HPS-DPS Scheme. On the basis of the power required for each SC in Figure 8 and the timedomain characteristics of the power, combined with Equations ( 8) and (11), considering the margin, the results for the capacity of main transformers and rectifier transformers are as follows in Equation (18), and are detailedly shown in Table 3.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, to avoid the detriment brought by the hugeamplitude power impact, fusion devices in various countries, such as ITER [5], JT-60 Super Advanced (JT-60SA) in Japan [6,7], Joint European Torus (JET) in Europe [8,9], and Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) in Korea [10][11][12], are equipped with large main transformers and generators, even connected to a high-voltage grid, as shown in Table 1. In particular, only a 16MVA main transformer is installed in the German ASDEX-U device [13,14], and the generator provides almost the capacity required by the load.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As to existing measures used in tokamak devices, further increase of output parameters of power devices and pulse motors are applied. For instance, KSTAR added a pulse generator with 200 MVA [11], ASDEX-U increased the capacity of flywheel generators, and JT-60SA added four units of thyristor converters in the main circuit [19]. As a result, the stable operation requires power devices with a larger capacity and higher access voltage level, which greatly increases the difficulty of project implementation and the economic cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research on a Novel Hybrid Power Supply Scheme with Energy Storage Technology for Tokamak

Tian

Lü

et al. 2023

International Journal of Energy Research

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Megawatt-impulse power generated by Tokamak fusion devices seriously threats to the stable operation of the whole system. The current power supply scheme needs to leave large redundancy to suffer such a huge power impact, resulting in a high cost of the power supply system. Moreover, no reasonable configuration for impulse power and stable power causes unnecessary waste of power supply capacity. The rapid development of energy storage technology provides a potential approach to solve the operation stability problem caused by large amounts of power impact. Thus, a novel hybrid power supply scheme is creatively put forward with centralized energy storage, which can effectively decrease the voltage level of the grid and achieve smooth connection into the public grid when validly compensating for the impulse power. The cost evaluation model and principles are proposed to analyze and assess the economic advantages of the hybrid power supply scheme with centralized energy storage. Finally, a power scenario based on the international thermosnuclear experimental reactor (ITER) is applied as a case study of the cost evaluation model for various schemes, and the results verify that the novel hybrid power supply scheme has benefits on economics and the capacity of the grid over other schemes.

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“…The (Nb 3 Sn) conductors of PF1-PF5 are designed and manufactured with a maximum current of 25 kA/turn, but the operating current of the central solenoid composed of PF1-PF4 is currently limited to 15 kA/turn. This is relevant for the safe operation of the preload uncertainty of the central solenoid [13] and the apparent power limited to 140 MVA supplied by the KSTAR motor generator [14,15]. The available poloidal flux is approximately estimated from the initial magnetization to the maximum PF coil current of 15 kA/turn.…”

Section: Approaches For the Lower Loop Voltage Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of high-performance long-pulse discharge in KSTAR

Kim,

Jeon,

Han

et al. 2023

Nucl. Fusion

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High-performance long-pulse plasma operation is essential for producing economically viable fusion energy in tokamak devices. To achieve such discharges in KSTAR, firstly, the rapid increase in the temperature of plasma-facing components was mitigated. The temperature increase of the poloidal limiter, especially, was associated with beam-driven fast ion orbit loss and the discrepancy of the equilibrium reconstructed with heated magnetic probes of signal drift. The fast ions lost to the poloidal limiter were reduced by optimizing the plasma shape and the composition of neutral beam injection (NBI). This nonlinear signal drift was successfully reduced by a new thermal shielding protector on the magnetic probes. Secondly, a lower loop voltage approach was implemented to reduce a poloidal flux consumption rate. A plasma current of 400 kA and a line-averaged electron density of ∼2.0 × 1019 m−3 were chosen by considering the L–H power threshold, fast ion orbit loss, and beam shine-through power loss for low loop voltage in KSTAR. In addition, the application of electron cyclotron heating also helped maintain the plasma with low loop voltage (∼25 mV) by enhancing the NBI-driven current and achieving a high poloidal beta (β P) state. KSTAR has achieved a long pulse (∼90 s) operation with the high performance of β P ⩽ 2.7, thermal energy confinement enhancement factor (H98y2) ∼ 1.1, and fraction of non-inductive current (f NI) ⩽ 0.96. Still, gradual degradation of the plasma performance has been observed over time in the discharges. In one of the long-pulse discharges, β P reduced by ∼18% over the time of ∼8τ R (current relaxation time, τ R ∼ 5 s) and ∼1067τ E,th (thermal energy confinement time, τ E,th ∼ 45 ms). The degradation may be closely associated with weak, yet growing, and persistent toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes and their effect on fast ion confinement.

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Operation of KSTAR PF Superconducting Magnet Power Supplies Under MG Power System

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Artificial intelligence methods for applied superconductivity: material, design, manufacturing, testing, operation, and condition monitoring

Artificial intelligence methods for applied superconductivity: material, design, manufacturing, testing, operation, and condition monitoring

Research on a Novel Hybrid Power Supply Scheme with Energy Storage Technology for Tokamak

Development of high-performance long-pulse discharge in KSTAR

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