Operation of Relay Protection Digital Elements at Saturation of Current Transformers: Modeling and Analysis

Vaytelenok, L.

doi:10.1109/icieam.2019.8742978

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Another widely used technique is the utilization of post-compensation filters, which can be digital filters such as Finite Impulse Response (FIR), Infinite Impulse Response (IIR), or Fourier Filters [18][19][20][21][22]. Their implementation is straightforward, involving finding the inverse function of the transducer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Instrument Transformer Performance through Adaptive Blind Equalization and Genetic Algorithms

Resende,

Silva,

Nepomuceno

et al. 2023

Energies

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In real-world scenarios, deviations in the frequency response of instrumentation transformers can lead to distorted harmonic measurements, highlighting the critical role harmonic measurement plays in assessing power quality. The blind channel equalization technique offers a potential solution to improve the frequency response of a large number of instrumentation transformers already installed in substations. These transformers were designed to accurately measure only the fundamental phasor component. Therefore, in order to use them for harmonic phasor measurement, methodologies for reducing frequency distortion must be applied. In this work, we propose a novel approach to improve the frequency response of the instrument transformer using adaptive blind equalization. The blind technique can compensate for distortions caused by voltage and current transducers without requiring prior knowledge of input signals or circuit characteristics. The proposed methodology uses a Linear Prediction Filter to convert the colored noise present at the channel output into white noise. Furthermore, a genetic algorithm is used to find a pole to cancel possible zeroes present in the frequency response of some transducers. The main advantage of blind equalization with the genetic algorithm is its independence, operating without clear information about the channel or the input signal. Through extensive experimentation, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in significantly reducing the absolute error in ratio and phase caused by current and voltage transformers. Simulated and laboratory experiments are presented in this paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Instrument Transformer Performance through Adaptive Blind Equalization and Genetic Algorithms

Resende,

Silva,

Nepomuceno

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…In parallel, researchers are very active and prolific regarding the studies on ITs. For example, the modeling of ITs and LPITs is described in [13][14][15][16]. In detail, [13] treats voltage transformers, [14] non-conventional ITS, and [15,16] tackles current transformers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Importance of Characterizing Virtual PMUs for Hardware-in-the-Loop and Digital Twin Applications

Mingotti

Costa

Cavaliere

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In recent years, the introduction of real-time simulators (RTS) has changed the way of researching the power network. In particular, researchers and system operators (SOs) are now capable of simulating the complete network and of making it interact with the real world thanks to the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and digital twin (DT) concepts. Such tools create infinite scenarios in which the network can be tested and virtually monitored to, for example, predict and avoid faults or energy shortages. Furthermore, the real-time monitoring of the network allows estimating the status of the electrical assets and consequently undertake their predictive maintenance. The success of the HIL and DT application relies on the fact that the simulated network elements (cables, generation, accessories, converters, etc.) are correctly modeled and characterized. This is particularly true if the RTS acquisition capabilities are used to enable the HIL and the DT. To this purpose, this work aims at emphasizing the role of a preliminary characterization of the virtual elements inside the RTS system, experimentally verifying how the overall performance is significantly affected by them. To this purpose, a virtual phasor measurement unit (PMU) is tested and characterized to understand its uncertainty contribution. To achieve that, firstly, the characterization of a virtual PMU calibrator is described. Afterward, the virtual PMU calibration is performed, and the results clearly highlight its key role in the overall uncertainty. It is then possible to conclude that the characterization of the virtual elements, or models, inside RTS systems (omitted most of the time) is fundamental to avoid wrong results. The same concepts can be extended to all those fields that exploit HIL and DT capabilities.

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Modeling of A Small-Sized Distance Current Transducer

Vaytelenok

Kovzhenkin

2020

2020 International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM)

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Operation of Relay Protection Digital Elements at Saturation of Current Transformers: Modeling and Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Optimizing Instrument Transformer Performance through Adaptive Blind Equalization and Genetic Algorithms

Optimizing Instrument Transformer Performance through Adaptive Blind Equalization and Genetic Algorithms

On the Importance of Characterizing Virtual PMUs for Hardware-in-the-Loop and Digital Twin Applications

Modeling of A Small-Sized Distance Current Transducer

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