“…The first approach presented in works Khatib [1], Hsu et al [2], Canudas et al [3], Siciliano et al [4], Galicki [5], Kelly and Moreno [6], Nakanishi et al [7], Moreno-Valenzuela and Gonzales-Hernandez [8], Tatlicioglu et al [9], Sadeghian et al [10], Sadeghian et al [11], Feng and Palaniswami [12], Zergeroglu et al [13], Braganza et al [14], Braganza et al [15], Galicki [16], Cheah et al [17], Li and Cheah [18], Li and Cheah [19], Galicki [20] is based on the application of the (generalized) pseudo-inverse of the manipulator Jacobian matrix in the control formulation. The control techniques offered in Khatib [1], Hsu et al [2], Canudas et al [3], Siciliano et al [4], Galicki [5], Kelly and Moreno [6], Nakanishi et al [7], Moreno-Valenzuela and Gonzales-Hernandez [8] require the full knowledge of the robot dynamics neglecting the external disturbances.…”