Ophiomorpha: Its morphologic, taxonomic, and environmental significance

Rosarichnoides sudeticus igen. et isp. nov. and associated fossils from the Coniacian of the North Sudetic Synclinorium (SW Poland)

“…It dif fers from Rosarichnoides in hav ing branches and a sin gle swell ing at the end of the tun nel. In com par i son to Ophiomorpha Lundgren, 1891, the new ichnogenus does not have a pelleted wall (see Frey et al, 1978). Rosarichnoides also does not pos sess as abun dant scratches (dis tinc tive, lon gi tu dinal ridges) as does Spongeliomorpha Saporta, 1887.…”

“…Three of them (2883p -two spec imens; 7372p; Fig. 7A, D) are hor i zon tal tun nels (from 2 to 4 cm across) with Y-shaped bi fur ca tions and gran u lated walls, which are char ac ter is tic of Ophiomorpha (see Bromley and Frey, 1974;Frey et al, 1978). One of them (5648p; Fig.…”

“…In di vid ual occur rences of this ichnogenus may be found in shal lower settings such as the up per and mid dle shoreface (Leszczyñski, 2010;Buatois and Mángano, 2011;May oral et al, 2013). Thalassinoides is an in di ca tor of a well-ox y gen ated en vi ronment (Buatois and Mángano, 2011) and its most prob a ble produc ers (shrimps) pre fer shal low wa ter of nor mal sa lin ity (Weimer and Hoyt, 1964;Frey et al, 1978).…”

Probable root structures and associated trace fossils from the Lower Pleistocene calcarenites of Favignana Island, southern Italy: dilemmas of interpretation

“…11A, C) is a com mon trace fos sil in shal low ma rine de pos its. It forms a system of ver ti cal, oblique and hor i zon tal tu bu lar bur rows, the wall of which con sists pre dom i nantly of dense, reg u larly distrib uted dis coid, ovoid or ir reg u lar po lyg o nal pel lets (see Frey et al, 1978). The tube is 8-35 mm, mostly 19-30 mm, in ex terior di am e ter.…”

“…Ophiomorpha nodosa is pro duced mostly by callianassid shrimps (Frey et al, 1978;Ekdale, 1992). It is most typ i cal of the Skolithos ichnofacies (Frey and Seilacher, 1980;Pem ber ton et al, 2001), but also oc curs in deeper shelf tempestites (Frey, 1990;Frey and Goldring, 1992).…”