Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Zhang, Dongsheng; Zhou, Yadong; Yen, Nicole; Hiley, Avery S; Rouse, Greg W.

doi:10.5852/ejt.2023.864.2101

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…At a higher taxonomic level, there are several taxa at the LCVF that are common in hydrothermal vents globally. The maldanid genus Nicomache is well known from hydrothermal vents in the Pacific 56 , Ophryotrocha species are abundant in hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in all oceans 57 , and Ampharetidae have several clades adapted to hydrothermal vents, cold seeps and organic falls 58 . Several species of amphipods in the family Oedicerotide are known from hydrothermal vents on the MAR, including Monoculodes anophtalma 59 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, habitat endemicity and trophic ecology of the fauna of Loki’s Castle vent field on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge

Eilertsen,

Kongsrud,

Tandberg

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Loki’s Castle Vent Field (LCVF, 2300 m) was discovered in 2008 and represents the first black-smoker vent field discovered on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (AMOR). However, a comprehensive faunal inventory of the LCVF has not yet been published, hindering the inclusion of the Arctic in biogeographic analyses of vent fauna. There is an urgent need to understand the diversity, spatial distribution and ecosystem function of the biological communities along the AMOR, which will inform environmental impact assesments of future deep-sea mining activities in the region. Therefore, our aim with this paper is to provide a comprehensive inventory of the fauna at LCVF and present a first insight into the food web of the vent community. The fauna of LCVF has a high degree of novelty, with five new species previously described and another ten new species awaiting formal description. Most of the new species from LCVF are either hydrothermal vent specialists or have been reported from other chemosynthesis-based ecosystems. The highest taxon richness is found in the diffuse venting areas and may be promoted by the biogenic habitat generated by the foundation species Sclerolinum contortum. The isotopic signatures of the vent community of LCVF show a clear influence of chemosynthetic primary production on the foodweb. Considering the novel and specialised fauna documented in this paper, hydrothermal vents on the AMOR should be regarded as vulnerable marine ecosystems and protective measures must therefore be implemented, especially considering the potential threat from resource exploration and exploitation activities in the near future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, habitat endemicity and trophic ecology of the fauna of Loki’s Castle vent field on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge

Eilertsen,

Kongsrud,

Tandberg

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Hardly Venus’s servant—morphological adaptations of Veneriserva to an endoparasitic lifestyle and its phylogenetic position within Dorvilleidae (Annelida)

Tilic,

Rouse

2024

Org Divers Evol

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Endoparasitic annelids living inside another annelid host are known, particularly with regard to Oenonidae, but in general are poorly studied. The dorvilleid Veneriserva pygoclava is known from southern California, and its genus name (Latin = Venus’s servant) alludes to the close association with the host aphroditid scaleworm Aphrodita longipalpa. Little is known on fundamental questions on the biology of Veneriserva pygoclava. What is its mode of reproduction? How do they feed? How do they penetrate the host? We have studied multiple parasitized hosts and V. pygoclava specimens, using an integrative approach, combining µCT, histology, and electron microscopy. 3D reconstructions from µCT data of a parasitized Aphrodita show the exact position of the parasites in their natural condition within the host’s coelomic cavity. Ultrastructural investigations of the parasites revealed interesting adaptations to their lifestyle such as the complete reduction of their gut, despite the presence of a functional jaw apparatus and a modified epidermis enabling nutrient uptake from the host’s coelomic fluid. In addition to these, we also investigated spermatogenesis and oogenesis in V. pygoclava. Sperm morphology indicates an external fertilization of eggs within the coelomic cavity of the host. Mature male and female parasites living inside the same mature host and the presence of juvenile V. pygoclava within juveniles of Aphrodita suggest an obligate form of parasitism with a very early penetration of the hosts. In addition to our detailed morphological investigation, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis showing the position of Veneriserva within Dorvilleidae and its position was recovered nested among taxa of the Iphitime. Our phylogenetic analyses also show that the taxation Ophryotrocha puerilis siberti should be given full species rank and referred to as Ophryotrocha siberti. Finally, we publish here the full mitochondrial genome of V. pygoclava and discuss its novel gene order with reference to other annelids.

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Four new species of Marphysa (Annelida, Eunicida, Eunicidae) from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Che Engku Abdullah,

Idris,

Fahmi

et al. 2024

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Four new species of Marphysa are described from Terengganu state on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, using morphological and molecular (cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene) data. These species belong to different groups of Marphysa: Marphysa kertehensissp. nov. belongs to Group A (Mossambica), Marphysa merchangensissp. nov. and Marphysa setiuensesp. nov. belong to Group B (Sanguinea) and Marphysa ibaiensissp. nov. belongs to Group E (Gravelyi). Marphysa kertehensissp. nov. is characterised by having only limbate chaetae, absence of subacicular hooks, three types of pectinate chaetae including wide, thick isodont with short and slender inner teeth, and pectinate branchiae with up to nine branchial filaments. Marphysa merchangensissp. nov. is characterised by the presence of eyes, unidentate subacicular hooks, four types of pectinate chaetae including wide, thick anodont pectinate chaetae with five long and thick inner teeth, and pectinate branchiae with up to six branchial filaments. Marphysa setiuensesp. nov. has mostly unidentate subacicular hooks (bidentate on several posterior chaetigers), four types of pectinate chaetae including wide, thick anodont pectinate chaetae with seven thick and long inner teeth, and pectinate branchiae with up to five branchial filaments. Marphysa ibaiensissp. nov. has bidentate subacicular hooks throughout, five types of pectinate chaetae, including a heterodont with 12 short and slender inner teeth, and pectinate branchiae with up to eight branchial filaments. The designation of these new species based on morphology is fully supported by molecular data. Habitat descriptions of each species are also included.

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Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with the description of five new species

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Diversity, habitat endemicity and trophic ecology of the fauna of Loki’s Castle vent field on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge

Diversity, habitat endemicity and trophic ecology of the fauna of Loki’s Castle vent field on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge

Hardly Venus’s servant—morphological adaptations of Veneriserva to an endoparasitic lifestyle and its phylogenetic position within Dorvilleidae (Annelida)

Four new species of Marphysa (Annelida, Eunicida, Eunicidae) from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia

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