Ophthalmic findings in a group of ambulatory patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): a prospective study.

Abstract

SUMMARY Twenty-eight patients with either the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or persistent generalised lymphadenopathy (PGL) were studied prospectively as outpatients for up to one year. Six patients had fundal cotton wool spots at some stage of their follow-up and all six suffered opportunistic infections associated with AIDS. We suggest that ocular abnormalities may be prognostic for opportunistic infection in AIDS and discuss the wide range of ophthalmic complications consequent to HIV infection.The human immunodeficiency virus type III (HIV) is now implicated as the cause of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and of related disorders, such as persistent generalised lymphadenopathy (PGL).'-" A recent study of AIDS and AIDS risk patients by both membrane immunofluorescence and competitive radioimmunoassay showed that 97% of AIDS patients were seropositive for antibodies to HIV, as were 89% of patients with PGL, 17% of symptomless homosexual men, 34% of haemophiliacs receiving pooled clotting factors, and 1-5% of intravenous drug abusers. None of more than 1000 unselected blood donors were seropositive.6AIDS is a severe disorder of immunoregulation found in previously healthy subjects and occurs most commonly in homosexual males, bisexuals, haemophiliacs, and intravenous drug abusers.7-9 Patients may develop opportunistic infections, Kaposi's sarcoma, Pneumocystis carindi pneumonia, and a form of presenile dementia due to HIV related

Ocular manifestations in HIV-AIDS patients in a Nigerian community

“…These findings include ocular opportunistic infections, such as herpes zoster ophthalmicus, CMV retinitis, Kaposi's sarcoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva. [20][21][22] In this study population, the HIV-/AIDS-associated ocular manifestations were relatively low compared with the findings of a study carried out in Ethiopia by Assefa et al They reported a prevalence of 60% in their study population. 7 The higher prevalence of HIV-/AIDS-associated ocular manifestations in the latter study might relate to the fact that 90% of their respondents were classified as WHO Stages 3 and 4.…”

Cotton-wool spots and aids related complex

“…CWSs have also been suspected to be a sign of poor prognosis during the HIV infection [23][24][25]. We were only able to demonstrate a statistically significant association between CWSs and decreased leukocyte counts at the ARC stage.…”

Avaliação oftalmológica em pacientes com AIDS e neurotoxoplasmose

“…Além disso, nesses casos as lesões podem ter aparência clínica atípica, seguir um curso incomum e demonstrarem refratariedade ao tratamento convencional 6 . Nesses pacientes, o acometimento ocular ocorre com uma frequência que varia de 21,4% a 95%, sendo menor em pacientes não hospitalizados [7][8][9] . Clinicamente, baseou-se na presença de cefaléia, alterações de status mental, febre, sinais neurológicos focais, como fraqueza muscular, distúrbios de fala, tontura, alterações em pares cranianos e de campo visual, distúrbios sensitivos, disfunção cerebelar, meningismo, incoordenação motora e manifestações neuropsiquiátricas.…”

“…Na Tabela 2, as comorbidades sistêmicas mais frequentes foram candidíase (30%), tuberculose (17,1%), diarréia (11,4%), hipertensão arterial (10%) e escabiose (8,6). Três (4,3%) pacientes eram esquizofrênicos.…”