Ophthalmomyiasis due to
            <i>Oestrus ovis</i>
            in South Australia

McDermott, S.N.; Schäfer,

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1983.tb99370.x

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“… 8 It is distributed throughout the African, Middle Eastern, and south Asian countries, 1–2,9 and is the main cause of myiasis among domestic animals in many Middle Eastern countries. 1–9 Outbreaks of Chrysomyia bezziana myiasis occurred in 1995 in Iran in the same province among domestic animals, 8 and previously in other Middle Eastern countries. 9 Human infestation by Chrysomyia bezziana is rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…1–2 External ophthalmomyiasis due to the botfly Oestrus ovis , locally known as ‘cespu," is common during the spring among shepherds, sheep raisers, and occasionally other people in Iran and throughout the world. 3,4–7 Botfly external ophthalmomyiasis is benign and nondestructive and the larvae can easily be removed by pouring over a drop of lidocaine to paralyze the larvae and removing them with a fine forceps, cotton swabs or by irrigation alone (authors’ experience).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chrysomyia bezziana‐infested basal cell carcinoma destroying the eye

et al. 2000

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A 90‐year‐old demented woman from Andimeshk town, some 150 km away from our center, was brought to the Ophthalmology emergency room at Sina Hospital as a result of ocular rupturing and outpouring of hundreds of worm‐like organisms from the ruptured eye 24 h before admission and remarkable swelling of the orbital and periorbital area within the last 72 h. The patient had a leukomatous lesion on the cornea of the involved eye of 2 years' duration. Four months before admission, swelling of the lower eyelid and a continuous purulent and hemorrhagic discharge from the eye was reported by the patient's 67‐year‐old daughter who was taking care of her. The woman refused to go to hospital for the eyelid swelling and purulent discharge despite her daughter's repeated request. On admission, all orbital structures were involved and destroyed by the numerous larvae, which were so tightly packed that they could not move freely ( Figs 1–3). After orbital exenteration, the larvae were found to penetrate deep enough to involve the optic canal. 1 Chrysomyia bezziana invading and destroying the ocular structures 2 Close up of the orbital structures infested and destroyed by the larvae 3 Close up of the orbital structures infested and destroyed by the larvae A few of the larvae were collected and preserved in 70% ethanol and submitted for species identification to two centers at Chamran University. Both centers identified the species as follows: Order: Diptera Family: Calliphoridae Subfamily: Chrysomyinae Genus: Chrysomyia Species: Chrysomyia bezziana The larvae were whitish in color and measured 15 mm in length( Fig. 4). The exenterated tissues were sent for pathologic study. Basal cell carcinoma was reported ( Figs 5, 6). 4 Close up of Chrysomyia bezziana larvae 5 Basal cell carcinoma invading the exenterated tissues 6 Basal cell carcinoma invading the exenterated tissues

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysomyia bezziana‐infested basal cell carcinoma destroying the eye

et al. 2000

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“…Ophthalmomyiasis is a fairly common manifestation of myiasis in both developed and underdeveloped countries 23,29–34,36–41,76–80 . The disease is far more common in tropical areas such as India, 38 Tunisia, 40 Iran, 41 Jordan, 70 Egypt 71 and Hawaii, 83,84 where it can reach epidemic proportions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human ophthalmomyiasis due to the sheep nasal botfly is quite common around the world 36–41,76–80 . Those working in fields with sheep are at greatest risk.…”

Section: Oestriosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Myiasis as a risk factor for prion diseases in humans

Lupi

2006

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Prion diseases are transmissible spongiform encephalopathies of humans and animals. The oral route is clearly associated with some prion diseases, according to the dissemination of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE or mad cow disease) in cattle and kuru in humans. However, other prion diseases such as scrapie (in sheep) and chronic wasting disease (CWD) (in cervids) cannot be explained in this way and are probably more associated with a pattern of horizontal transmission in both domestic and wild animals. The skin and mucous membranes are a potential target for prion infections because keratinocytes and lymphocytes are susceptible to the abnormal infective isoform of the prion protein. Iatrogenic transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) was also recognized after corneal transplants in humans and scrapie was successfully transmitted to mice after ocular instillation of infected brain tissue, confirming that these new routes could also be important in prion infections. Some ectoparasites have been proven to harbour prion rods in laboratory experiments. Prion rods were identified in both fly larvae and pupae; adult flies are also able to express prion proteins. The most common causes of myiasis in cattle and sheep, closely related animals with previous prion infections, are Hypoderma bovis and Oestrus ovis, respectively. Both species of flies present a life cycle very different from human myiasis, as they have a long contact with neurological structures, such as spinal canal and epidural fat, which are potentially rich in prion rods. Ophthalmomyiases in humans is commonly caused by both species of fly larvae worldwide, providing almost direct contact with the central nervous system (CNS). The high expression of the prion protein on the skin and mucosa and the severity of the inflammatory response to the larvae could readily increase the efficiency of transmission of prions in both animals and humans.

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“…[3] Cases of ophthalmomyiasis externa have been reported from various parts of the world. [45] However, this condition is rare in India and there are only a few reported cases. [367] The present case therefore highlights the awareness among the ophthalmologists regarding larval conjunctivitis in the spring and summer seasons[8] and also looks for this cause in the veterinary fraternity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral acute conjunctivitis due to Oestrus ovis in a veterinary doctor

Vijayalekshmi

Shukla

2013

J Nat Sc Biol Med

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Myiasis is the infestation of tissues and organs of animals or man by fly larvae. We report a human case of external ophthalmomyiasis caused by the larvae of a sheep nasal botfly, Oestrus ovis, for the first time in a veterinary doctor. A 25-year-old veterinary doctor presented with severe symptoms of conjunctivitis. The larvae, 3 in number, were observed in the bulbar conjunctiva and the symptoms of the eye improved within a few hours of their removal. It is important for ophthalmologists to be aware of larval conjunctivitis as a significant possibility in the veterinary fraternity especially during the summer season.

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Ophthalmomyiasis due to Oestrus ovis in South Australia

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Chrysomyia bezziana‐infested basal cell carcinoma destroying the eye

Chrysomyia bezziana‐infested basal cell carcinoma destroying the eye

Myiasis as a risk factor for prion diseases in humans

Unilateral acute conjunctivitis due to Oestrus ovis in a veterinary doctor

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