Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane bis(2,3-epoxypropyl)ether (Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, BADGE). REF. No 13510 and 39700

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doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2004.86

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the present study, we selected the doses of BADGE as 0.15 mg/kg/day based on TDI of BADGE (EFSA, 2004) and 1.5 mg/kg/day (ten-fold of TDI). It is reported that maximum consumer exposure to BADGE and its derivatives ranges from 0.0028 mg to 0.14 mg/day equivalent approximately to 0.05-2.3 µg/kg/day (EFSA, 2004). Compared to that, the doses in our experiments seem extremely high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Compared to that, the doses in our experiments seem extremely high. EFSA explains background of TDI establishment of BADGE (0.15 mg/kg/day); TDI was established considering the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) of 15 mg/kg/day derived from the oral chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study in rat with BADGE, and applying an uncertainty factor of 100 from rat to human (EFSA, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the above, BADGE High dose 1.5 mg/kg/day in our experiments using mice is thought to be equivalent to 0.015 mg/kg/day in human. In addition, in the previous toxicological studies, the dose levels range from 50 to 1000 mg/kg/day (EFSA, 2004;Miyazaki et al, Page 19 Hyoung et al, 2007). Moreover, Punt et al (Punt et al, 2019) performed quantitative in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation and estimated the plasma concentration of BADGE in human.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We selected these doses of BADGE based on the preliminary experiments of measuring daily food consumption and body weight of dams during gestation and lactation. BADGE-containing diet (0.0011 mg/g diet) corresponds to 0.15 mg/kg/day BADGE exposure (Low dose), which is reported as TDI of BADGE (EFSA, 2004). We also prepared BADGE-containing diet (0.011 mg/g diet) corresponding to 1.5 mg/kg/day BADGE exposure (High dose).…”

Section: Animals and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of BADGE exposure to the dams on the behavioral abnormality, cortical development, and neurogenesis in the offspring. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has established the tolerable daily intake (TDI) of BADGE at 0.15 mg/kg/day to avoid its carcinogenicity and genotoxicity (EFSA, 2004). Therefore, we selected the doses of BADGE as 0.15 mg/kg/day and 1.5 mg/kg/day (ten-fold of TDI) in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Effects of maternal bisphenol A diglycidyl ether exposure during gestation and lactation on behavior and brain development of the offspring

Miyazaki

Kikuoka

Isooka

et al. 2020

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animals and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of maternal bisphenol A diglycidyl ether exposure during gestation and lactation on behavior and brain development of the offspring

Miyazaki

Kikuoka

Isooka

et al. 2020

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Quantitative in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) of estrogenic and anti-androgenic potencies of BPA and BADGE analogues

et al. 2019

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The goal of the present study was to obtain an in vivo relevant prioritization method for the endocrine potencies of different polycarbonate monomers, by combining in vitro bioassay data with physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling. PBK models were developed for a selection of monomers, including bisphenol A (BPA), two bisphenol F (BPF) isomers and four different bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers (BADGEs), using in vitro input data. With these models, the plasma concentrations of the compounds were simulated, providing means to estimate the dose levels at which the in vitro endocrine effect concentrations are reached. The results revealed that, whereas the in vitro relative potencies of different BADGEs (predominantly anti-androgenic effects) can be up to fourfold higher than BPA, the estimated in vivo potencies based on the oral equivalent doses are one to two orders of magnitude lower than BPA because of fast detoxification of the BADGEs. In contrast, the relative potencies of 2,2-BPF and 4,4-BPF increase when accounting for the in vivo availability. 4,4-BPF is estimated to be fivefold more potent than BPA in humans in vivo in inducing estrogenic effects and both 2,2-BPF and 4,4-BPF are estimated to be, respectively, 7 and 11-fold more potent in inducing anti-androgenic effects. These relative potencies were considered to be first-tier estimates, particularly given that the potential influence of intestinal metabolism on the in vivo availability was not accounted for. Overall, it can be concluded that both 2,2-BPF and 4,4-BPF are priority compounds.

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Bisphenol A contamination in processed food samples: an overview

Kumar

Priyanka

Priya

et al. 2023

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane bis(2,3-epoxypropyl)ether (Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, BADGE). REF. No 13510 and 39700

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of maternal bisphenol A diglycidyl ether exposure during gestation and lactation on behavior and brain development of the offspring

Effects of maternal bisphenol A diglycidyl ether exposure during gestation and lactation on behavior and brain development of the offspring

Quantitative in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) of estrogenic and anti-androgenic potencies of BPA and BADGE analogues

Bisphenol A contamination in processed food samples: an overview

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