Opioid regulation of parental behavior in juvenile rats

Kinsley, Craig Howard; Wellman, Jacqueline; Carr, David B.; Graham, Amanda L.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(93)90003-c

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Assuming that the male is not in need of analgesia, male placentophagia suggests that opioid analgesia is not the only adaptive benefit of placentophagia. Opioids are involved in the onset of maternal behavior (Caba et al, 1995;Grimm & Bridges, 1983;Mayer, Faris, Komisaruk, & Rosenblatt, 1985), in the expression of parental behavior in male and female juvenile rats (Kinsley, Wellman, Carr, & Graham, 1993;Zaias et al, 1996), and in the expression of maternal placentophagia during the birth (Mayer et al, 1985). Thus the appearance of paternal placentophagia could indicate changes in endogenous opioid activity in expectant fathers, which might then play a role in the onset of paternal behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Placentophagia in naïve adults, new fathers, and new mothers in the biparental dwarf hamster,Phodopus campbelli

Gregg

Wynne‐Edwards

2005

Dev. Psychobiol.

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Placentophagia in mammals typically occurs only in females during the birth. Male hamsters, Phodopus campbelli, with an extensive paternal behavior repertoire eat placenta during the birth and as alloparental juveniles. Two fresh placentae were presented to sexually naïve males and females covering the developmental range from puberty through reproductive maturity and into senescence. Expectant parents and new mothers were also tested. Placentophagia occurred in both sexes at all developmental stages and was higher in reproductive than in naïve hamsters. Placentophagia declined with increasing age in females, but not males. Liver was readily accepted, but acceptance did not decline with age in females, and was not low in juvenile males, confirming that animals distinguished between the two tissues. Senescent females consumed both tissues willingly. In these paternal males, which do not experience pregnancy or parturition, and in naïve females that selectively refuse placenta, the stimuli influencing placentophagia remain unknown.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Placentophagia in naïve adults, new fathers, and new mothers in the biparental dwarf hamster,Phodopus campbelli

Gregg

Wynne‐Edwards

2005

Dev. Psychobiol.

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“…Opioids are involved in the onset of maternal behavior in primiparous and virgin females (Caba et al, 1995;Grimm & Bridges, 1983;Mayer, Faris, Komisaruk, & Rosenblatt, 1985;Thompson & Kristal, 1996) and in male and female juvenile rats (Kinsley, Wellman, Carr, & Graham, 1993;Zaias, Okimoto, Trivedi, Mann, & Bridges, 1996). In addition, placenta contains a wide variety of hormones (Albrecht & Pepe, 1995;MacDonald & Matt, 1984;Ogren & Talamantes, 1994;Solomon, 1994;Strauss, Martinez, & Kiriakidou, 1996), some of which are important to the onset and expression of maternal behavior (Bridges, 1984;Bridges & Freemark, 1995;Bridges et al, 1996Bridges et al, , 1997.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In uniparental Phodopus sungorus, new mothers, and fathers present during the birth of their offspring, are the only hamsters that readily consume fresh placenta

Gregg

Wynne‐Edwards

2006

Developmental Psychobiology

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Placentophagia is common among parturient female mammals but non-parturient females generally refuse placenta. Biparental male dwarf hamsters (Phodopus campbelli) readily consume placenta. The present study quantified placentophagia and liver acceptance in the closely related Siberian hamster P. sungorus in which males do not participate in the birth and are not responsive to a displaced pup. Sexually naïve P. sungorus males and females refused both placenta and liver (all groups <10%). Reproductive females specifically consumed placenta on the day before (G17), and the day of, parturition (G18) (>80%). Males rejected both tissues on G17 and accepted placenta soon after the birth (G18) (80%) only if they were present during the birth. Palatability of the placenta was not responsible for the species difference as P. campbelli accepted P. sungorus placenta. Results are consistent with a neophobic reaction to both placenta (conspecific or heterospecific) and liver as P. sungorus also rejected P. campbelli placenta.

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“…Only a few studies have assessed the role of opioids in the onset and maintenance of maternal behavior, and the findings are mixed. Given systemically, both opioid ago nists and antagonists have been shown to reduce or delay maternal responding [5,20,40,50,63]. Given centrally, opi oid agonists injected i.c.v.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioid stimulation in the ventral tegmental area facilitates the onset of maternal behavior in rats

Thompson

Kristal

1996

Brain Research

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This research investigated the effect of an increase or decrease in opioid activity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) on the onset of maternal behavior in rats. In Experiment 1, the latency to show maternal behavior toward foster rat pups (sensitization latency) was determined in maternally naive female rats given either nothing or a unilateral intra-VTA injection of morphine sulfate (MS) (0.0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1 or 0.3 J.Lg), on the first three days of a lO-day period' of constant exposure to pups. Rats treated with 0.03 J.Lg MS had significantly shorter sensitization latencies than did rats treated with 0,0 J.Lg MS, 0.01 J.Lg MS, or receiving no treatment (higher doses of morphine produced intermediate results). The facilitating effect of intra-VTA MS on the onset of maternal behavior was blocked by pretreatment with naltrexone hydrochloride and was found to have a specific site of action in the VTA (MS injections dorsal to the VTA were ineffective). In Experiment 2, sensitization latencies were determined in periparturitional rats given a bilateral intra-VTA injection of either the opioid antagonist naltrexone methobromide (quaternary naltrexone), its vehicle, a sham injection, or left untreated 40 min after delivery of the last pup. The mothers' own pups were removed at delivery; mothers were nonmaternal at the time of testing. Quaternary naltrexone treatment produced significantly slower sensitization to foster pups than did control conditions. Total activity and pup-directed activity did not differ significantly with treatment. The results demonstrate that increased opioid activity in the VTA facilitates the onset of maternal behavior in inexperienced nonpregnant female rats, and decreased opioid activity in the VTA disrupts the rapid onset of maternal behavior at parturition.

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Opioid regulation of parental behavior in juvenile rats

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Placentophagia in naïve adults, new fathers, and new mothers in the biparental dwarf hamster,Phodopus campbelli

Placentophagia in naïve adults, new fathers, and new mothers in the biparental dwarf hamster,Phodopus campbelli

In uniparental Phodopus sungorus, new mothers, and fathers present during the birth of their offspring, are the only hamsters that readily consume fresh placenta

Opioid stimulation in the ventral tegmental area facilitates the onset of maternal behavior in rats

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