Opportunistic Infections of the Retina in Patients With Aquaporin-4 Antibody Disease

Abstract

including slitlamp biomicroscopy and dilated fundus examination. With the earlier diagnosis and use of immunosuppression in AQP4 antibody disease, a low index of suspi-c ion for opportunistic retinal infections should be maintained to avoid misdiagnosis and irreversible vision loss. ARTICLE INFORMATION

Acute retinal necrosis in multiple sclerosis: A neuroimmunologic challenge!

“…Poor visual outcome was reported in 2 patients with neuromyelitis optica who developed ocular infections (toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus retinitis) while they were on immunosuppressants and the dose was increased because they were thought to have a relapse of their optic neuritis. 4 Another case series reported 2 patients with no history of demyelinating disease who were diagnosed with ARN due to VZV after they were initially thought to have inflammatory optic neuritis and treated with steroids. 5 One of these patients experienced permanent vision loss.…”