Opportunistic Infections: Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis, and Microsporidia

Lindsay, David S.; Weiss, Louis M.

doi:10.1007/b105354

Cited by 11 publications

References 273 publications

(403 reference statements)

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Neospora caninum surface antigen (p40) is a potential diagnostic marker for cattle neosporosis

Gong

et al. 2013

Parasitol Res

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Neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan that infects domestic and wild canids as well as many warm-blooded animals as shown by the isolation of viable parasites. The effectiveness of diagnostic tests for detecting specific antibodies against N. caninum is hampered by potential cross-reaction with other Coccidia. So, there is currently an urgent need for a sensitive and specific diagnostic assay for detecting N. caninum in animals. The N. caninum 40-kD surface antigen (p40), similar to NcSAG1 and NcSRS2, was shown to belong to surface antigen super family and thus represents an excellent marker for the diagnosis of neosporosis. In order to test the hypothesis, recombinant Ncp40 (rNcp40) was expressed in Escherichia coli, and an indirect ELISA test was developed using recombinant NCp40 antigen for N. caninum serodiagnosis. The antigen used in this study did not have cross-reactivity with anti-Toxoplasma gondii serum. Anti-p40 antibodies were detected by ELISA in the sera of Yellow cattle and were compared with (IFAT). Optimal sensitivity and specificity (98.2 and 98.6 %) were identified by IFAT. Additionally, 37 positive sera of T. gondii were detected and there was no significant difference with the negative serum of N. caninum. The rNcp40 ELISA developed here provides a specific and sensitive assay for detecting neosporosis in cattle.

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Neospora caninum surface antigen (p40) is a potential diagnostic marker for cattle neosporosis

Gong

et al. 2013

Parasitol Res

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Molecular diagnosis of microsporidia strains in slaughtered cows of southwest of Iran

2017

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Microsporidia is often considered as an opportunistic infection in patients with impaired immune systems such as patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, transplant recipients, children and old people. Due to the ability of the parasite to transmit from animals to human as well as the increasing prevalence of parasitic infections and immune deficiency diseases; therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate molecular diagnosis of microsporidia strains in slaughtered cows of southwest of Iran. Initially, 256 stool samples of cows were collected from 5 regions of Khuzestan province, southwest of Iran and stained by modified trichrome (weber). Then, the parasite spores were examined by optical microscope. Total DNA was extracted from samples using DNA extraction kit for stool (Bioneer) and evaluated by multiplex/nested PCR method. The products of nested-PCR were explored by RFLP method using restriction enzyme . For genotyping, positive samples of RFLP were sequenced. Of 256, 21 and 48 samples were found positive by the staining and nested PCR tests, respectively. Of 48, 36 samples were with genotype frequency D (22), J (9) and M (5). Also 9 were detected as species among which 2 were, 6 were and 1 was Eventually, 3 samples were found positive for both and. The results showed that cows can be a source of microsporidia infections. Due to the zoonotic importance of this parasite and its ability to transmit from animals to humans; the detection and species determination of the parasite seems essential. The highest risk of infection is for individuals with impaired immune systems.

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Novel Fitc-Labeled Igy Antibody: Fluorescence Imaging Toxoplasma Gondii In Vitro

Sert¹,

Çakır-Koç²,

Budama‐Kilinc³

2017

Sci Rep

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Toxoplasmosis is caused by T. gondii and can create serious health problems in humans and also worldwide economic harm. Because of the clinical and veterinary importance of toxoplasmosis, its timely and accurate diagnosis has a major impact on disease-fighting strategies. T. gondii surface antigen 1 (SAG1), an immunodominant-specific antigen, is often used as a diagnostic tool. Therefore, the aim of this study was the optimization of novel fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeling of the SAG1-specific IgY antibody to show the potential for immunofluorescence imaging of T. gondii in vitro. The specificity of IgY antibodies was controlled by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the concentration of the IgY antibody was detected using a spectrophotometer. The optimum incubation time and FITC concentration were determined with a fluorescence spectrometer. The obtained FITC-labeled IgY was used for marking T. gondii tachyzoites, which were cultured in vitro and viewed using light microscopy. The interaction of the fluorescence-labeled antibody and the T. gondii tachyzoites was examined with a fluorescence microscope. In this study, for the first time, a FITC-labeled anti-SAG1 IgY antibody was developed according to ELISA, fluorescence spectrometer, and fluorescence imaging of cell culture. In the future, the obtained FITC-labeled T. gondii tachyzoites’ specific IgY antibodies may be used as diagnostic tools for the detection of T. gondii infections in different samples.

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Opportunistic Infections: Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis, and Microsporidia

Cited by 11 publications

References 273 publications

Neospora caninum surface antigen (p40) is a potential diagnostic marker for cattle neosporosis

Neospora caninum surface antigen (p40) is a potential diagnostic marker for cattle neosporosis

Molecular diagnosis of microsporidia strains in slaughtered cows of southwest of Iran

Novel Fitc-Labeled Igy Antibody: Fluorescence Imaging Toxoplasma Gondii In Vitro

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