Opportunities and challenges for MEMS in lightwave communications

Lin, Lih Y.; Goldstein, E.L.

doi:10.1109/2944.991412

Cited by 107 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Fig. 7 shows the possible values of d 0 and the focal length of the microlens (defined as f = R ml /(n − 1)) as a function of d 1 . We propose that the microprism and microlenses are made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), which has a refractive index of n = 1.449624 at the rate of 1.55 µm.…”

Section: B Roof Prism Sddmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and simulation of microptical devices (spot displacement devices) for free-space all-optical OXC systems

Argueta-Diaz

Anderson

2006

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-We introduce two new designs for a spot displacement device (SDD) to be used in a White cell-based binary optical crossconnect system (OXC). We described in detail the implementation of an SDD based on a lens train configuration and a roof prism SDD. We discuss the aberrations associated with each design. We also show simulations for an eight-output OXC binary system using one of these designs.

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Section: B Roof Prism Sddmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and simulation of microptical devices (spot displacement devices) for free-space all-optical OXC systems

Argueta-Diaz

Anderson

2006

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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“…When an optical signal passes through a MEMS optical switch, it encounters optical power loss in response to coupling loss between the fibers and the switch, mirror angular misalignment, imperfect mirror reflection, air absorption, and beam divergence [5,8]. Coupling loss is invariant for all kinds and sizes of MEMS optical switch.…”

Section: E Loss Of Optical Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many technologies have been proposed for building OXCs. Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) optical switches have attracted much attention because of their potential in building large OXCs [4][5][6]. MEMS optical switches use mirrors to modify the routing paths of optical signals inside the switches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first type of MEMS optical switch has smaller optical signal loss but requires rather complicated servo control systems for the mirror movements. Since the control of mirror movement precision becomes difficult if N is large, reliability and stability are the main concerns with this type of MEMS optical switch [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the crossbar structure has the advantages of being strictly nonblocking and easy to fabricate for small switches, the required mirror size grows rapidly with the number of ports N. The fabrication becomes difficult when N is large. Although multistage MEMS optical switches with a crossbar structure have been proposed [11], the shortcomings are the high optical signal loss and the high interconnection cost between stages [5]. Hence, alternatives to the crossbar structure are desired for 2-D MEMS optical switches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative structures for two-dimensional MEMS optical switches [Invited]

Wai

2004

J. Opt. Netw.

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Two-dimensional (2-D) microelectromechanical system (MEMS) optical switches have the merits of easy fabrication and high reliability. Since the optical signal loss is mainly proportional to the length of signaling paths in the switches, current 2-D MEMS optical switches that use a crossbar structure have a rather limited number of ports. For larger 2-D MEMS optical switches, we may use nonrectangular topology switching fabrics to shorten the internal signaling path or to recollimate the optical signal segment by segment inside the switches. We discuss these approaches from the aspect of implementation and routing control complexity.

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Template‐based Synthesis and Characterization of High‐density Ferromagnetic Nanowire Arrays

Nielsch¹,

Stadler²

2007

Handbook of Magnetism and Advanced Magnetic Materials

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This chapter covers the synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanowire arrays that are grown inside nanoporous templates. Applications for such arrays include patterned recording media, magnetic and acoustic sensors, and other avant‐garde applications that will be envisioned once the fundamental properties and performances of these arrays are better known. Several nanoporous templates are introduced, but this chapter primarily focuses on results using anodic alumina templates. The templates are filled with ferromagnetic metals via electrodeposition either using DC deposition onto an electrode after the removal of a barrier oxide or using AC deposition to eliminate the need to remove the oxide. Several typical electrolyte recipes are given (Co, Fe, FeGa alloys, Ni, and NiMn), and the details of both techniques are discussed. Methods for controlling the magnetic properties of the arrays by the choice of nanowire material, diameter, and interpore spacing, in addition to external fields, are detailed. Next, numerical simulations are presented in order to investigate the switching behavior of magnetic nanowires. Perfect hexagonal arrangements of pores on a square centimeter scale are demonstrated using imprint lithography. Finally, the applications of recording and sensors are discussed in detail.

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Opportunities and challenges for MEMS in lightwave communications

Cited by 107 publications

References 16 publications

Design and simulation of microptical devices (spot displacement devices) for free-space all-optical OXC systems

Design and simulation of microptical devices (spot displacement devices) for free-space all-optical OXC systems

Alternative structures for two-dimensional MEMS optical switches [Invited]

Template‐based Synthesis and Characterization of High‐density Ferromagnetic Nanowire Arrays

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