Opportunities and Challenges for Metal Chemistry in Molecular Imaging

Abstract

The development of medical imaging is a highly multidisciplinary endeavor requiring the close cooperation of clinicians, physicists, engineers, biologists and chemists to identify capabilities, conceive challenges and solutions and apply them in the clinic. The chemistry described in this article illustrates how synergistic advances in these areas drive the technology and its applications forward, with each discipline producing innovations that in turn drive innovations in the others. The main thread running through the article is the shift from single photon radionuclide imaging towards PET, and in turn the emerging shift from PET/CT towards PET/MRI and further, combination of these with optical imaging. Chemistry to support these transitions is exemplified by building on a summary of the status quo, and recent developments, in technetium-99m chemistry for SPECT imaging, followed by a report of recent developments to support clinical application of short lived (Ga-68) and long-lived (Zr-89) positron emitting isotopes, copper isotopes for PET imaging, and combined modality imaging agents based on radiolabelled iron oxide based nanoparticles.

CuATSM PET to diagnose age-related diseases: a systematic literature review

“…CuATSM PET is a non-invasive imaging technique that detects hypoxia and oxidative stress in neurological and cardiovascular diseases [23-25, 77, 78]. The clinical potential of CuATSM PET in early diagnosis, disease prognostication and monitoring disease activity [79,80] and its utility in research settings in other age-related diseases, such as chronic kidney disease, recurrent urinary tract infections, diabetes and sarcopenia, should be investigated further.…”