Opportunities and obstacles for the melanoma immunotherapy using T cell and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) applications: a literature review

Bahmanyar, Maryam; Vakil, Mohammad Kazem; Al-Awsi, Ghaidaa Raheem Lateef; Kouhpayeh, Seyed Amin; Abdollahzadeh, Rasoul; Mansoori, Yaser; Salahi, Afsaneh; Nikfar, Ghasem; Tavassoli, Alireza; Behmard, Esmaeil; Moravej, Ali; Ghasemian, Abdolmajid

doi:10.1007/s11033-022-07633-5

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Second‐generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown promising initial results for treating LMD from B cell malignancies (Bennani et al, 2019; Ghafouri et al, 2021; Karschnia et al, 2022; Li et al, 2020; Wu et al, 2021) and are currently being tested for LMD from breast cancer and glioblastoma (NCT03696030, NCT05063682). This cellular therapy approach might be adapted for melanoma LMD in the future, with a number of melanoma‐specific CAR already under clinical investigation (Bahmanyar et al, 2022; NCT04119024, NCT03893019, NCT02107963, and NCT02830724, among others). A possible limitation of these therapies could be neurotoxicity and/or cytokine release syndrome, which have been observed in patients treated systemically with CAR T‐cells (Siegler & Kenderian, 2020).…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leptomeningeal disease in melanoma: An update on the developments in pathophysiology and clinical care

Smalley,

Boire,

Brastianos

et al. 2023

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) remains a major challenge in the clinical management of metastatic melanoma patients. Outcomes for patient remain poor, and patients with LMD continue to be excluded from almost all clinical trials. However, recent trials have demonstrated the feasibility of conducting prospective clinical trials in these patients. Further, new insights into the pathophysiology of LMD are identifying rational new therapeutic strategies. Here we present recent advances in the understanding of, and treatment options for, LMD from metastatic melanoma. We also annotate key areas of future focus to accelerate progress for this challenging but emerging field.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of melanoma-specific CAR already under clinical investigation(Bahmanyar et al, 2022; NCT04119024, NCT03893019, NCT02107963, and NCT02830724, among others). A possible limitation of these therapies could be neurotoxicity and/or cytokine release syndrome, which have been observed in patients treated systemically with CAR T-cells(Siegler & Kenderian, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptomeningeal disease in melanoma: An update on the developments in pathophysiology and clinical care

Smalley,

Boire,

Brastianos

et al. 2023

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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“…Herein, immune cells are isolated from the patient's body, expanded in the laboratory, stimulated with cancer cell material, and injected back to the patient hoping the cells will elicit potent antitumor immunity [59]. A similar approach is to isolate immune cells, genetically modify them for tumor-lytic activity, and expand them in a laboratory before returning them to the patient [60,61]. Despite both approaches' variable but undeniable success, the therapies can only be delivered at enormous economic costs (>10 000-100 000 € per injection), which potentially limits their global and widespread use.…”

Section: Biologicals (Systemic)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma, cancer, immunity

Bekeschus

Clemen

2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Albeit heavily investigated for several decades already, the importance of the immune system in targeting cancer has received wide clinical attention only in recent years. This is partly because of long-standing rather traditional concepts on tumor biology on the one hand and the complexity of the immune system and its processes on the other. The viewpoint of evaluating existing and emerging approaches in oncology based on toxicity to tumors and the ability to engage antitumor-immunity is gaining ground across several disciplines. Along those lines, cold physical plasma was suggested as potential anticancer tool more than a decade ago, but solid evidence of the immune system playing a role in plasma cancer treatment only emerged in recent years. Moreover, plasma may support cancer immunotherapies in the future. Cancer immunotherapies are systemic treatments with biologicals that were reported to synergize with existing local physical modalities before, such as radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy. This review outlines key concepts in oncology, immunology, and tumor therapy, links them to plasma research, and discusses immuno-oncological consequences. Finally, promising future clinical applications are summarized. Synoptically, first scientific evidence supports an immuno-oncological dimension of plasma cancer treatment in selected instances, but robust clinical evidence is still lacking. More basic and clinical research is needed to determine the immuno-molecular mechanisms and detailed plasma application modalities to facilitate real patient benefit in the long term.

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“…There have also been two FDA-approved products for use in multiple myeloma (MM) that target B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) (idecabtagene vicleucel and ciltacabtagene autoleucel) [ 3 , 4 ]. CAR-T remain investigational for many other malignancies [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Therapies in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Richter’s Transformation: Recent Developments in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cells, Natural Killer Cells, and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant

Coombs

Easaw

Grover

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Cellular therapies can be viewed as both the newest and oldest techniques for treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Richter’s transformation (RT). On one hand, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) has been available for decades, though its use is diminishing with the increasing availability of effective novel targeted agents, especially in CLL. Among newer techniques, chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) have demonstrated astounding efficacy in several hematologic malignancies, leading to FDA approval and use in clinical practice. However, though CLL is the earliest disease type for which CAR-T were studied, development has been slower and has yet to lead to regulatory approval. Owing partially to its rarity but also due to the aggressive behavior of RT, CAR-T in RT have only been minimally explored. Here, we will focus on the applications of cellular therapies in CLL and RT, specifically reviewing more recent data related to alloHSCT in the novel-agent era and CAR-T cell development in CLL/RT, focusing on safety and efficacy successes and limitations. We will review strategies to improve upon CAR-T efficacy and discuss ongoing trials utilizing CAR-T in CLL/RT, as well as emerging technologies, such as allogeneic CAR-T and natural killer CAR (CAR NK) cells.

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Opportunities and obstacles for the melanoma immunotherapy using T cell and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) applications: a literature review

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Leptomeningeal disease in melanoma: An update on the developments in pathophysiology and clinical care

Leptomeningeal disease in melanoma: An update on the developments in pathophysiology and clinical care

Plasma, cancer, immunity

Cellular Therapies in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Richter’s Transformation: Recent Developments in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cells, Natural Killer Cells, and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant

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