Opportunities to intervene? “Warning signs” for suicide in the days before dying

Ramchand, Rajeev; Franklin, Enchanté; Thornton, Elizabeth; Deland, Sarah; Rouse, Jeffrey C.

doi:10.1080/07481187.2017.1284956

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…There is controversy over whether suicide warning signs can be used like this. Some researchers have argued that suicide warning signs are difficult to distinguish from persistent risk factors (Ramchand et al, 2017). There might be few differences in the risk factor between suicide ideators and decedents (Nock et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also an important issue to observe warning signs such as a sudden change just before suicide so that they can be distinguished from suicide risk factors that have existed continuously (Britton et al, 2012; Ramchand et al, 2017). There is still controversy over whether warning signs play an obvious role in detecting impending suicide as a near‐term change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing warning signs of suicide between suicide decedents with depression and those non‐diagnosed psychiatric disorders

Kim

Lee³

et al. 2021

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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Objective: Early recognition of a high-risk group impending suicide is important. We aimed to compare warning signs depending on the nature of the psychiatric disorder and whether it was a documented diagnosis. Methods: Data of suicide decedents were collected from police records from 2013 to 2017. We evaluate psychiatric symptoms and warning signs in three aspects (language, behavior, and affect) using the Korea-Psychological Autopsy Checklist for Police Records (K-PAC-PR). Results: A total of 13,265 suicide decedents were recruited for this study. Of them, 66.9% of females and 46.7% of males diagnosed psychiatric disorders, with depressive disorder being the most common one. Warning signs were observed in 93.0% of suicide decedents. They were observed more in those who were diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, especially in those with a depressive disorder. "Talking about dying or suicide" was the most common warning sign in all groups, and "apathetic behavior" was the most related warning sign for depressive disorder. Especially for "talking about dying or suicide," the proportion of observed "within a week" was high, making it valuable as a warning sign. Conclusion: Warning signs were commonly found in suicide decedents regardless of gender. They were more common among the decedents diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, especially among those with a depressive disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing warning signs of suicide between suicide decedents with depression and those non‐diagnosed psychiatric disorders

Kim

Lee³

et al. 2021

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…If private and parochial networks are incapable of performing these social control functions, public networks of social control become negligible. A breakdown in these levels of social control might also diminish Koreans' ability to recognize, address, and control when people are demonstrating warning signs for suicide (e.g., increasing drug/alcohol use, acting reckless, anxious, or agitated, self-isolating, exhibiting extreme mood swings, Ramchand et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussion and Research Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Systemic Model of Social Disorganization and Homicide and Suicide Trajectories in South Korean Community Areas: Testing the Stream Analogy of Lethal Violence

Cho

Harper

2022

International Criminal Justice Review

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The stream analogy of lethal violence (SALV) argues that homicide and suicide are similarly driven by frustration and aggression. SALV research has examined forces of production (i.e., lethal violence rate [LVR]) and forces of direction (i.e., suicide-homicide ratio [SHR]). The current study applies 6 foundational social disorganization theory (i.e., the systemic model) structural predictors and 3 unique social controls to help explain the LVR and SHR. Using data from 229 South Korean community areas, the study tracked lethal violence for 6 years for each area, yielding 1,374 observations for analysis. Findings reveal mixed support for the systemic model. Urban area was negatively associated with the SHR’s initial level, but positively associated with increased SHR rates of change. Variations in the residential instability and divorce rates had positive effects on only the initial LVR level. Children’s nursery facilities fully mediated the link between structural characteristics and increased SHR rates of change.

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“…Currently, any attempt to apply a standardized risk assessment to determine who is at imminent risk for suicide will yield a high number of false positives 20 . This is because many of the risk factors for suicide are also found in individuals who are not suicidal; in other words, identified risk factors and warning signs for suicide are neither sensitive nor specific enough to accurately predict who is at imminent risk for suicide 21, 22 . While it has generally been determined that risk for suicidal behavior increases with the number of risk factors present 23 , it is also not yet known what combinations of risk factors are most likely to lead to suicidal behavior and death by suicide 19 .…”

Section: Risk Factors For Suicidal Behavior In Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in understanding and managing self-harm in adolescents

2019

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Adolescent suicide is a serious public health problem, and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is both highly comorbid with suicidality among adolescents and a significant predictor of suicide attempts (SAs) in adolescents. We will clarify extant definitions related to suicidality and NSSI and the important similarities and differences between these constructs. We will also review several significant risk factors for suicidality, evidence-based and evidence-informed safety management strategies, and evidence-based treatment for adolescent self-harming behaviors. Currently, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for adolescents is the first and only treatment meeting the threshold of a well-established treatment for self-harming adolescents at high risk for suicide. Areas in need of future study include processes underlying the association between NSSI and SAs, clarification of warning signs and risk factors that are both sensitive and specific enough to accurately predict who is at imminent risk for suicide, and further efforts to sustain the effects of DBT post-treatment. DBT is a time- and labor-intensive treatment that requires extensive training for therapists and a significant time commitment for families (generally 6 months). It will therefore be helpful to assess whether other less-intensive treatment options can be established as evidence-based treatment for suicidal adolescents.

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Opportunities to intervene? “Warning signs” for suicide in the days before dying

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Comparing warning signs of suicide between suicide decedents with depression and those non‐diagnosed psychiatric disorders

Comparing warning signs of suicide between suicide decedents with depression and those non‐diagnosed psychiatric disorders

The Systemic Model of Social Disorganization and Homicide and Suicide Trajectories in South Korean Community Areas: Testing the Stream Analogy of Lethal Violence

Recent advances in understanding and managing self-harm in adolescents

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