“…Although artemisinin did show good therapeutic effects, it has some drawbacks such as low solubility (the solubility in water was as low as 0.059 mg/mL), poor bioavailability (approximately 30%), and short half-life time (2–3 h). − In order to solve these problems, new types of antimalaria APIs and various derivatives of artemisinin, like artesunate (ART) and dihydroartemisinin (DHA), were developed; − a series of finely designed nanovesicles have been proposed to efficiently deliver artemisinin as well as its derivatives. , For instance, Gao et al proposed a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS), which displayed higher solubility, permeability, and bioactivity . Since artemisinin is of low molecular weight and displays obvious hydrophobicity (log P = 2), transdermal delivery may be an efficient way, which shows a lot of merits that can promote the bioavailability and convenience. , However, only a few research studies concerning the transdermal delivery of artemisinin have been reported, where solid dispersions, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), niosomes, etc.…”