Opposing Effects of Glycerol on the Protective Function of the Horny Layer against Irritants and on the Penetration of Hexyl Nicotinate

Bettinger, J.; Gloor, M.; Peter, Cristina Mendes; Kleesz, Peter; Fluhr, Joachim W.; Gehring, W.

doi:10.1159/000017970

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(15 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Investigations have also been made concerning the mechanism of barrier improvement after glycerol [38]: irritation of the skin was first provoked by tape stripping or by acetone treatment. Then 85% glycerol or water was Gloor applied, followed by occlusive treatment for 5 h. Using various methods (dimethyl sulfoxide test, alkali resistance, SLS test), it could be shown that the barrier regenerated faster under the influence of glycerol.…”

Section: Effect Of Glycerolmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Dermatological Vehicles Influence the Horny Layer?

Gloor

2004

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emulsifying agents in aqueous solution lead to dehydration of the horny layer of the epidermis and damage to the barrier. This is only partly true if emulsifying agents are constituents of emulsions. Water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions cause an improvement in the hydration of the horny layer and barrier function. In the case of an additional effect of wash solutions, a partial or complete abolition of the drying out and barrier-damaging effect of the wash solution results. Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions without glycerol have no effect on the moisture of the horny layer or indeed increase it, but they lead to considerable damage to the barrier and irritation. In wash tests, they do not induce any protective effect. With micro-emulsions this is still more the case and, moreover, they can also lead to exsiccation. As a result of the addition of glycerol, the barrier-damaging effect can be abolished. Also in stress tests with wash solutions, the damage to the horny layer is reduced by glycerol-containing O/W emulsions. Whereas the penetration-promoting effect of O/W emulsions without glycerol is best, only W/O emulsions or glycerol-containing O/W emulsions are suitable for atopic dermatitis. A hydrating effect on the stratum corneum was also found in a propylene glycol ointment.

show abstract

Section: Effect Of Glycerolmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Dermatological Vehicles Influence the Horny Layer?

Gloor

2004

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, the selection of galenic preparation is essential for optimal therapeutic results of topically applied substances [12][13][14]22] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Topical Corticosteroid Activity Using the Vasoconstriction Assay in Healthy Volunteers

Görne¹,

Greif²,

Metzner³

et al. 2006

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective and Design: The aim of the study was to evaluate the vasoconstrictive activity of four new galenic preparations of hydrocortisone and to compare it with concentration-equivalent reference preparations. The study comprised two study phases: the pilot study phase and the main study phase. During open, nonrandomized pilot study, the optimal administration period was tested. The main study was performed in a randomized, double-blind intraindividual comparative design. Subjects: Twenty male and female volunteers with healthy skin who responded to topically applied clobetasol-17-propionate before entering the trial participated in this study. Treatment: All subjects received the same treatments. The test preparations new galenic formulation (NGF) hydrocortisone 0.25% cream, NGF hydrocortisone acetate 0.25% cream, NGF hydrocortisone 0.5% cream, and NGF hydrocortisone 1.0% cream were compared with the respective reference preparations Soventol® hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone acetate 0.25%), Hydroderm HC 0.5% cream (hydrocortisone 0.5%), Hydrogalen® cream (hydrocortisone 1.0%) and placebo (vehicle of test preparations). Method: The topical preparations were applied occlusively for 2 h (pilot study) or 24 h (main study) on outlined areas (5 × 5 cm with a distance of 3 cm) of both forearms (4 areas for each). Assessment of vasoconstriction was performed before treatment, and 0.5, 4, 6 and 24 h after treatment (observation period) using a subjective rating scale (OLSEN vasoconstriction score) and measuring the colorimetric parameter a* (redness) by use of the Chroma-Meter (Minolta company, Ahrensburg, Germany). Results: A significant vasoconstriction (positive blanching effect) was measured by use of chromametry for test preparations hydrocortisone 0.25% cream, hydrocortisone 0.5% cream, hydrocortisone 1.0% cream and for the reference preparation Hydrogalen cream compared to placebo 30 min after the end of treatment. In contrast, the reference preparations Soventol hydrocortisone and Hydroderm HC 0.5% did not differ significantly from placebo 30 min after treatment. No statistically significant effect of all formulations was observed 4–24 h after treatment in comparison with placebo. Conclusions: The vasoconstrictive efficacy of test preparations was mostly stronger than the concentration-equivalent reference preparations. This effect was achieved by use of new galenics of test preparations resulting in enhanced skin penetration and improved efficiency. No unwanted side effects were observed during the course of the study despite increased efficacy of the topically applied test preparations.

show abstract

“…Also the hygroscopic alcohol glycerin, not a physiological component of the skin, is useful in bringing moisture back into dry skin. 56 The replaced moisturizers, however, with only last till the next wash or the next overhydrating glove work, if they are not protected by an adequate lipid layer.…”

Section: Moisturizer Replacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand hygiene and skin health

Kownatzki

2003

Journal of Hospital Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Opposing Effects of Glycerol on the Protective Function of the Horny Layer against Irritants and on the Penetration of Hexyl Nicotinate

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

How Do Dermatological Vehicles Influence the Horny Layer?

How Do Dermatological Vehicles Influence the Horny Layer?

Assessment of Topical Corticosteroid Activity Using the Vasoconstriction Assay in Healthy Volunteers

Hand hygiene and skin health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About