Opposite effects of synthetic auxins, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1-naphthalene acetic acid on growth of true ginseng cell culture and synthesis of ginsenosides

Smolenskaya, I. N.; Reshetnyak, O. V.; Smirnova, Yu. N.; Chernyak, N. D.; Globa, E. B.; Носов, А. М.

doi:10.1134/s1021443707020094

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These results also showed that the cell shape in the early days of culture was larger and spongier than the middle days, while in the final days, the number of cells was higher, but their size was smaller. It has been reported that the cell size and shape in the suspension culture are affected by the type of auxin ( Grzelak, Janiszowska & culture, 2002 ; Smolenskaya et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morphologically, the cell masses in the presence of 2,4-D formed were of equal size, while in the fact of NAA, their morphology changed and converted to a string of beads. It has been reported that the cell size and shape in the suspension culture are affected by the type of auxin ( Grzelak, Janiszowska & culture, 2002 ; Smolenskaya et al, 2007 ). The quicker recovery of in vitro plants and extra-ordinary regeneration potential makes this variety an ideal candidate for future transformation-based studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of genotypes and media composition on callogenesis, regeneration and cell suspension culture of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)

Ahmad

Qamar

Shoukat

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background Chamomile is an important herb being used widely for medicinal purposes. Its multitherapeutic, cosmetic, and nutritional values have been established through years of traditional and scientific use and research. Increased use of medicinal plants necessitates rational use as well as sustainable production of such genetic resources. Plant in vitro micro-propagation poses unique opportunities for sustainable production of medicinal herbs, their regrowth and conservation. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different explants, plant growth regulators (PGRs) combinations and media type on callogenesis, in vitro regeneration and cell suspension of six chamomile genotypes to enhance its sustainable production. Methods The shoot, lateral sprout, and leaf derived explants of six chamomile genotypes including Isfahan, Shiraz, Kazeron, Goral, Sharokashari and Presso were used for direct and indirect regeneration. For indirect regeneration various doses of NAA and kinetin were used to induce calli which were cultured on MS media containing PGRs for direct and indirect regeneration. Later, cell suspension was established and morphological characterization of CrO3 stained cells was carried out using microscopy. Results and Discussion Our findings revealed that the highest callus percentage and callus volume were observed from lateral sprouts and shoots of genotype Isfahan on MS medium containing 1 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L kinetin. The in vitro regeneration was found to be genotype dependent while 77% and 77.5% was the highest percentage for indirect and direct regeneration, respectively. Additionally, the maximum shoot number (two shoots/explant) and shoot length (2.22 cm) were also observed in Isfahan genotype. Cell suspension culture showed the highest fresh weight (18.59 g) and dry weight (1.707 g) with 0.75 g inoculum of the callus derived from lateral sprouts cultured on MS medium. Microscopy of CrO3 stained cells was carried on each 3rd day for 27 days that revealed larger and spongier cells in the early days as compared to final days when the cell number was greater but cell size was smaller. Conclusion The callogenesis, organogenesis, and cell suspension culture of chamomile may be genotype dependent. Hence, optimization of media ingredients and culture conditions is of utmost importance for devising tissue culture based conservation strategy of any chamomile genotype and secondary metabolite production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of genotypes and media composition on callogenesis, regeneration and cell suspension culture of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)

Ahmad

Qamar

Shoukat

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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“…In the case with cell culture of ginseng Panax ginseng C.A. Mey., the substitution of α-NAA for 2.4-D brought about a considerable rise in the content and diversity of triterpene glycosides (ginsenosides) in the cells [2]. At the same time, in the case of Dioscorea deltoidea Wall.…”

Section: Research Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such signals involve elicitors, stress exposures, and changes in the composition and content of growth regulators [1]. There are indications that the production of secondary metabolites in plant cells cultured in vitro appreciably depends on the qualitative and quantitative composition and the ratio between phytohormones (primarily between auxins and cytokinins or their synthetic analogs) in the cultural medium [1,2]. However, depending on the kind of cell culture and the type of produced compounds, the effect of these factors on secondary metabolism may differ and general principles are so far not known.…”

Section: Research Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Synthetic Auxin Analogs (2.4-D and α-NAA) on Growth and Biosynthetic Characteristics of Suspension Cell Culture of Tribulus terrestris L.

Tomilova

Ханды

Кочкин

et al. 2020

Russ J Plant Physiol

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Effect of synthetic analogs of auxins-2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2.4-D) and α-naphthylacetic (α-NAA) acids-on growth characteristics and accumulation of steroidal glycosides was investigated in suspension cell culture of Tribulus terrestris L. It was found that the substitution of α-NAA for 2.4-D in the nutrient medium brought about a rise in the content of steroidal glycosides in the cultured cells (up to six times) and broadened their structural diversity (nine identified oligofurostanosides when growing culture on the medium with α-NAA vs. five compounds on the medium with 2.4-D). Positive influence of α-NAA exerted on biosynthetic characteristics of T. terrestris suspension cell culture was accompanied by changes in cell morphology (cytodifferentiation), the extent of their aggregation, and gradual decrease (during 3-4 cycles of growing) in culture viability up to its extinction. Simultaneous presence of both synthetic analogs of auxins (α-NAA and 2.4-D) in the growing medium also caused a rise in the content of steroidal glycosides in the cells of T. terrestris, although it was less pronounced (up to three times); however, the culture showed a relatively steady growth and great viability in this case. It was concluded that these two auxin analogs differently influenced the growth of plants' cells in vitro and biosynthesis of substances of specialized metabolism, 2.4-D promoted cell proliferation, whereas α-NAA induced cytodifferentiation and activated the production of secondary compounds. This conclusion is corroborated by the data concerning plant cell cultures of other species of medicinal plants accumulating secondary metabolites from other groups. For instance, in the experiments with suspension cell culture of Panax ginseng C.A. Mey., substitution in the growth medium of α-NAA for 2.4-D brought about a rise in the content and diversity of triterpene glycosides (ginsenosides) associated with an elevated cell aggregation and deterioration of culture's viability. Comparison of production of steroidal glycosides in plant cell cultures of T. terrestris and Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. that is grown for more than 40 years has shown that both cultures accumulated only furostanol (rather than spirostanol) glycosides that promoted cell proliferation. In suspension cell culture of Dioscorea, a high level of oligofurostanosides (up to 12% of dry biomass) was accumulated when growing culture on the medium with 2.4-D. Thus, investigation into the production of furostanol glycosides in plant cultured cells points to a multifactor system of regulation of secondary metabolism in vitro. Different synthetic auxin analogs may exert alternative influences on growth and biosynthetic processes. At the same time, prolonged culturing leads to an autoselection of cells with the properties promoting proliferation, specifically, with a high content of furostanol glycosides.

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“…However, some auxins can stimulate triterpene biosynthesis (Migas et al 2006;Singh et al 2015;Rasool and Mohamed 2016). Smolenskaya et al (2007) found that 2,4-D induced mitosis in Panax ginseng cells, which resulted in a very low accumulation of ginsenosides (steroid glycosides and triterpene saponins), whereas the NAA induced low cell mitosis and promoted cellular elongation, nuclear DNA synthesis, and the biosynthesis of the same and different ginsenosides.…”

Section: Influence Of Auxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Bacillus megaterium and exogenous stimuli affect the quinonemethide triterpenes production in adventitious roots of Peritassa campestris (Celastraceae)

Inácio

Paz

Pereira

et al. 2017

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Opposite effects of synthetic auxins, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1-naphthalene acetic acid on growth of true ginseng cell culture and synthesis of ginsenosides

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

The effects of genotypes and media composition on callogenesis, regeneration and cell suspension culture of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)

The effects of genotypes and media composition on callogenesis, regeneration and cell suspension culture of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)

Effect of Synthetic Auxin Analogs (2.4-D and α-NAA) on Growth and Biosynthetic Characteristics of Suspension Cell Culture of Tribulus terrestris L.

Endophytic Bacillus megaterium and exogenous stimuli affect the quinonemethide triterpenes production in adventitious roots of Peritassa campestris (Celastraceae)

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