“…Organophosphates (OPPs) [26][27][28] Organophosphate is a group of approximately 40 pesticides that kill insects and other animals by impacting the function of central and peripheral nervous system by inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) [29].…”
Section: Chlordecone [17-20]mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our literature review emphasizes that OPPs might cause opsoclonus. We identified three articles that mention three different cases (n = 3) of opsoclonus caused by organophosphate ingestion, accidental or during a suicide attempt [26][27][28]. The different OPPs described are: chlorpyrifos [26], malathion [27] and an insecticide containing parathion and methyl-parathion [28].…”
Section: Chlordecone [17-20]mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In these three case reports are described two 29-yearold men, one with chronic paranoid schizophrenia (treated daily with flupentixol 20mg, procyclidine, thioridazine and flurazepam) and one with no particular comorbidity, who ingested an unmentioned amount of OPP in a suicide attempt [27,28]. The third case describes a 12-year-old girl who accidentally ingested OPP [26].…”
Background: Opsoclonus is a rare disorder characterized by conjugate multidirectional, horizontal, vertical, and torsional saccadic oscillations, without intersaccadic interval, resulting from dysfunction within complex neuronal pathways in the brainstem and cerebellum. While most cases of opsoclonus are associated with autoimmune or paraneoplastic disorders, infectious agents, trauma, or remain idiopathic, opsoclonus can also be caused by medications affecting neurotransmission. This review was prompted by a case of opsoclonus occurring in a patient with Multiple System Atrophy, where amantadine, an NMDA-receptor antagonist, appeared to induce opsoclonus.Methods: Case report of a single patient and systematized review of toxic/drug-induced opsoclonus, selecting articles based on predefined criteria and assessing the quality of included studies.
Results:The review included 30 articles encompassing 158 cases of toxic/drug-induced opsoclonus. 74% of cases were attributed to bark scorpion poisoning, followed by 9% of cases associated with chlordecone intoxication. The remaining cases were due to various toxics/drugs, highlighting the involvement of various neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, dopamine, glycine, and sodium channels, in the development of opsoclonus.
Conclusion:Toxic/drug-induced opsoclonus is very rare. The diversity of toxics/drugs impacting different neurotransmitter systems makes it challenging to define a unifying mechanism, given the intricate neuronal pathways underlying eye movement physiology and opsoclonus pathophysiology.
“…Organophosphates (OPPs) [26][27][28] Organophosphate is a group of approximately 40 pesticides that kill insects and other animals by impacting the function of central and peripheral nervous system by inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) [29].…”
Section: Chlordecone [17-20]mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our literature review emphasizes that OPPs might cause opsoclonus. We identified three articles that mention three different cases (n = 3) of opsoclonus caused by organophosphate ingestion, accidental or during a suicide attempt [26][27][28]. The different OPPs described are: chlorpyrifos [26], malathion [27] and an insecticide containing parathion and methyl-parathion [28].…”
Section: Chlordecone [17-20]mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In these three case reports are described two 29-yearold men, one with chronic paranoid schizophrenia (treated daily with flupentixol 20mg, procyclidine, thioridazine and flurazepam) and one with no particular comorbidity, who ingested an unmentioned amount of OPP in a suicide attempt [27,28]. The third case describes a 12-year-old girl who accidentally ingested OPP [26].…”
Background: Opsoclonus is a rare disorder characterized by conjugate multidirectional, horizontal, vertical, and torsional saccadic oscillations, without intersaccadic interval, resulting from dysfunction within complex neuronal pathways in the brainstem and cerebellum. While most cases of opsoclonus are associated with autoimmune or paraneoplastic disorders, infectious agents, trauma, or remain idiopathic, opsoclonus can also be caused by medications affecting neurotransmission. This review was prompted by a case of opsoclonus occurring in a patient with Multiple System Atrophy, where amantadine, an NMDA-receptor antagonist, appeared to induce opsoclonus.Methods: Case report of a single patient and systematized review of toxic/drug-induced opsoclonus, selecting articles based on predefined criteria and assessing the quality of included studies.
Results:The review included 30 articles encompassing 158 cases of toxic/drug-induced opsoclonus. 74% of cases were attributed to bark scorpion poisoning, followed by 9% of cases associated with chlordecone intoxication. The remaining cases were due to various toxics/drugs, highlighting the involvement of various neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, dopamine, glycine, and sodium channels, in the development of opsoclonus.
Conclusion:Toxic/drug-induced opsoclonus is very rare. The diversity of toxics/drugs impacting different neurotransmitter systems makes it challenging to define a unifying mechanism, given the intricate neuronal pathways underlying eye movement physiology and opsoclonus pathophysiology.
“…Learning points
Eye movement disorders are one of the more common manifestations of organo-phosphate intoxication, and opsoclonus should now be included among these 1. The combination of opsoclonus, lingualmyclonus due to Intermediate Syndrome is uncommon.…”
“…Occasionally, during the acute phase of OP intoxication, patients displayed opsoclonus (De Bleecker, 1992;Hata et al, 1986;Pullicino and Aquilina, 1989). Opsoclonus is an abnormal, rapid, involuntary, repetitive, chaotic, and conjugated ocular movement.…”
Section: Central Nervous System Manifestationsmentioning
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