Optic Nerve

Goldberg, Jeffrey L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-05714-1.00028-5

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 396 publications

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“…Defective axon transport was first demonstrated in animal models in response to experimentally elevated IOP over 30 years ago (see refs in 3 ). Either through mechanically deforming the optic nerve head at the lamina cribrosa, or perhaps secondarily through ischemic or other mechanisms, elevated IOP leads to a blockade of the normal shuttling of cytoplasmic cargoes up and down the axon.…”

Section: Complementing Iop-lowering Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The progression of human disease also makes it clear that initiation or propagation of glaucomatous damage must be localized at or around the optic nerve head (see references in 3 ). First, focal areas of optic nerve cupping correlate with focal areas of RGC loss and decreased peripheral vision.…”

Section: Complementing Iop-lowering Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of mechanisms have been invoked to explain RGC pathology in glaucoma, including chronic intermittent ischemia, reactive oxygen species, excitoxicity, defective axon transport, trophic factor withdrawal, and loss of electrical activity (see references in 3 ). Vasospasm, defective vascular autoregulation, or mechanical compression of the microvasculature at the lamina cribrosa may affect perfusion of the optic nerve head, which in turn may cause RGC ischemia.…”

Section: Complementing Iop-lowering Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glaucoma is associated with a typical appearance of structural damage at the optic nerve head, with neuroretinal rim thinning, excavation (cupping), and sectoral retinal nerve fiber layer defects. 3 Glaucoma also affects the retinal and central visual pathways, leading to degenerative changes upstream in the retina and downstream in the lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex. 3 Glaucomas are often categorized by anterior chamber anatomy (open- and closed-angle) and whether they are primary or secondary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Glaucoma also affects the retinal and central visual pathways, leading to degenerative changes upstream in the retina and downstream in the lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex. 3 Glaucomas are often categorized by anterior chamber anatomy (open- and closed-angle) and whether they are primary or secondary. Among the primary open angle glaucomas (POAG), clinicians and researchers often further classify patients who start with intraocular pressures (IOP) in the normal range as low- or normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), although the distinction between POAG and NTG may not ultimately be clinically meaningful, as patients with glaucomatous damage starting at high or low IOP may both benefit from IOP-reducing therapies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glaucoma 2.0: Neuroprotection, Neuroregeneration, Neuroenhancement

2012

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Glaucoma is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) associated with characteristic axon degeneration in the optic nerve. Clinically, our only method of slowing glaucomatous loss of vision is to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), but lowering IOP is only partially effective, and doesn’t address RGCs’ underlying susceptibility to degeneration. Here we review recent steps forward in our understanding of the pathophysiology of glaucoma, and discuss how this understanding has given us a next generation of therapeutic targets by which to maintain RGC survival, protect or rebuild RGC connections in the retina and the brain, and enhance RGC function.

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Section: Complementing Iop-lowering Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Complementing Iop-lowering Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Complementing Iop-lowering Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glaucoma 2.0: Neuroprotection, Neuroregeneration, Neuroenhancement

2012

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Phase I NT-501 Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Implant Trial for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Goldberg¹,

Beykin²,

Satterfield³

et al. 2023

Ophthalmology Science

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Control of Retinal Ganglion Cell Positioning and Neurite Growth: Combining 3D Printing with Radial Electrospun Scaffolds

Kador

Grogan

Dorthé

et al. 2016

Tissue Engineering Part A

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Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are responsible for the transfer of signals from the retina to the brain. As part of the central nervous system, RGCs are unable to regenerate following injury, and implanted cells have limited capacity to orient and integrate in vivo. During development, secreted guidance molecules along with signals from extracellular matrix and the vasculature guide cell positioning, for example, around the fovea, and axon outgrowth; however, these changes are temporally regulated and are not the same in the adult. Here, we combine electrospun cell transplantation scaffolds capable of RGC neurite guidance with thermal inkjet 3D cell printing techniques capable of precise positioning of RGCs on the scaffold surface. Optimal printing parameters are developed for viability, electrophysiological function and, neurite pathfinding. Different media, commonly used to promote RGC survival and growth, were tested under varying conditions. When printed in growth media containing both brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), RGCs maintained survival and normal electrophysiological function, and displayed radial axon outgrowth when printed onto electrospun scaffolds. These results demonstrate that 3D printing technology may be combined with complex electrospun surfaces in the design of future retinal models or therapies.

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Optic Nerve

Cited by 6 publications

References 396 publications

Glaucoma 2.0: Neuroprotection, Neuroregeneration, Neuroenhancement

Glaucoma 2.0: Neuroprotection, Neuroregeneration, Neuroenhancement

Phase I NT-501 Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Implant Trial for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Control of Retinal Ganglion Cell Positioning and Neurite Growth: Combining 3D Printing with Radial Electrospun Scaffolds

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