Optical 8‐ary phase shift keying modulation format generator based on three microring modulators

Abstract

We have proposed an 8PSK modulator based on three microring modulators (MRM). The design consists of three MRMs, each with a radius of 11.1 μm. Of these three, two MRMs are connected in parallel and they together generate a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signal. While at the output port of the QPSK, a third MRM is connected in series works as an angle modulator, which is basically a 45° phase shift modulator; that is, the output of the MRM varies by 45° depending on the bit pattern fed to it, ‘0’or ‘1’ respectively. We have simulated and shown the performance of the proposed 8PSK modulator after transmitting the modulated signal through various lengths of optical. Constellation diagrams and eye diagrams at different fiber lengths are analyzed. Bit error rate (BER) versus optical signal to noise ratio curve shows that, 10−3 BER has been achieved at 13.5 dB optical signal to noise ratio.

Generation of an optical 8-amplitude phase shift keying modulator using silicon microrings in add-drop configuration

“…Recently, using three microring resonators, an optical 8-amplitude phase shift keying (8APSK) has been proposed and demonstrated successfully. 15 Among alternative modulation schemes, APSK has been an emerging one that stands out from other options because of its excellent spectral efficiency and strength and its reputation for dependability in non-linear satellite channels. 16 When paired with improved channel codes like low-density parity checks, APSK can perform well and outperform phase-shift keying (PSK) or standard QAM in data throughput and error performance.…”

“…Higher modulation formats, like quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 13 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 14 etc., have been developed in response to the rising need for transmission capacity using silicon microring modulators. Recently, using three microring resonators, an optical 8-amplitude phase shift keying (8APSK) has been proposed and demonstrated successfully 15 …”