Optical Amplifiers for Multi–Band Optical Transmission Systems

Rapp, Lutz; Eiselt, Michael

doi:10.1109/jlt.2021.3120944

Cited by 76 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Recently, ultra-wideband optical amplification techniques have attracted significant interest to tackle the everincreasing data demand in optical fiber communications, as alternatives to techniques to improve the spectral efficiency such as advanced modulation formats and space division multiplexing (SDM) using multi-core/mode fiber [1][2][3][4]. Discrete Raman amplifiers (DRAs) have been proposed and demonstrated to be a promising candidate to enable amplification for ultra-wideband transmission systems [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-wideband discrete Raman amplifier optimization for single-span S-C-L-band coherent transmission systems

Hazarika¹,

Tan²,

Donodin³

et al. 2022

Opt. Lett.

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We experimentally compare the performance of two key ultra-wideband discrete Raman amplifier structures, a cascaded dual-stage structure and an in-parallel dual-band structure, in fully loaded S-C-L band coherent transmission systems over 70 km of single-mode fiber. Our results show that dual-band discrete Raman amplifier with minimized backreflections can effectively avoid unstable random distributed feedback lasing, reduce the noise figure, and therefore improve the transmission performance for signals at shorter wavelengths, versus the cascaded dual-stage structure. The average noise figure for S-band signals is 6.8 dB and 7.2 dB for the dual-band structure and cascaded dual-stage structure, respectively, while the average S-band Q2 factor is similarly improved by 0.6 dB. Moreover, the cascaded dual-stage discrete Raman amplifier requires guard bands around the 1485-nm and 1508-nm pumps as the signal and pump wavelengths overlap, which results in a bandwidth loss of ∼10 nm and reduces the potential net data throughput to 28.6 Tb/s for 30-GBaud DP-16QAM signals. However, the dual-band structure can utilize the bandwidth more effectively, which leads to a higher estimated net data throughput of 31.2 Tb/s.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-wideband discrete Raman amplifier optimization for single-span S-C-L-band coherent transmission systems

Hazarika¹,

Tan²,

Donodin³

et al. 2022

Opt. Lett.

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“…EDFAs can also be operated in a longer band (L-band), which provides another approximately 5 THz of bandwidth. Fiber capacity can be further increased by expanding the available gain bandwidth via the introduction of other amplifying means, such as new rare-earth dopants, Raman amplifiers, or semiconductor optical amplifiers [50]. Each optical amplification solution covers only a finite bandwidth, necessitating the separation and recombination of the multiple bands at each amplification site and the deployment of disparate amplifying technologies.…”

Section: Optical Amplifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Switching in Future Fiber-Optic Networks Utilizing Spectral and Spatial Degrees of Freedom

et al. 2022

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Forthcoming capacity scaling requirements of optical networks and advances in optical fiber communications beyond the omnipresent single-mode fiber operating over the conventional band introduces new opportunities and challenges for exploiting the expanded spectral and spatial resources available for fiber-optic network designs. The spectral and spatial degrees of freedom introduce utilization tradeoffs that can be leveraged under different applications. After briefly reviewing the supporting network building elements (emerging fiber types, multiplexers, optical switches, and amplifiers), we consider networking scenarios such as intra/inter datacenter, terrestrial, undersea, and wireless 5G/6G hauling networks and identify the best utilization plan and key attributes that can be harnessed by the offered spectral and spatial degrees of freedom for each scenario and how optical switching can be employed therein for traffic management. Networks supporting these scenarios are Manuscript

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“…Optical amplifiers are the main source of noise in optical communication systems, having a high impact on the signal QoT [4]. Rare-earth doped fiber amplifiers (xDFA) and Raman amplifiers (RAs) are the most promising technologies for multi-band optical transmission [5]. Unlike xDFAs, whose amplified frequency range is defined by the fiber dopant, RAs have the advantage of providing lumped or distributed gain at any frequency and over a variety of optical fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber-Agnostic Machine Learning-Based Raman Amplifier Models

Moura

Zibar

Brusin

et al. 2023

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Optical Amplifiers for Multi–Band Optical Transmission Systems

Cited by 76 publications

References 43 publications

Ultra-wideband discrete Raman amplifier optimization for single-span S-C-L-band coherent transmission systems

Ultra-wideband discrete Raman amplifier optimization for single-span S-C-L-band coherent transmission systems

Optical Switching in Future Fiber-Optic Networks Utilizing Spectral and Spatial Degrees of Freedom

Fiber-Agnostic Machine Learning-Based Raman Amplifier Models

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