Optical and electrical characterization of plasma polymerized pyrrole films

Kumar, D. Sakthi; Nakamura, Kenji; Nishiyama, Satoko; Ishii, Shigeru; Noguchi, Hirohisa; Kashiwagi, Kunihiro; Yoshida, Yasuhiko

doi:10.1063/1.1542692

Cited by 40 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…Kumar et al [242] polymerized pyrrole by means of the plasma method (rf∼13.56 MHz) in the absence and in the presence of iodine. Based on IR analyses, the iodine was neither bonded in any way, nor strongly interacting with the pyrrole polymer chains.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular iodine/polymer complexes

Moulay

2013

Journal of Polymer Engineering

166

127

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A unique feature of molecular iodine by far, is its ability to bind to polymeric materials. A plethora of natural and synthetic polymers develop complexes when treated with molecular iodine, or with a mixture of mole cular iodine and potassium iodide. Many unexpected findings have been encountered upon complexation of iodine and the polymer skeleton, including the color formation, the polymer morphology changes, the compl exation sites or regions, the biological activity, and the electrical conductivity enhancement of the complexes, with poly iodides (I n¯) , mainly I 3¯ and I 5¯, as the actual binding species. Natural polymers that afford such complexes with iodine species are starch (amylose and amylopectin), chitosan, glycogen, silk, wool, albumin, cellulose, xylan, and natural rubber; iodinestarch being the oldest iodinenatural polymer complex. By contrast, numerous synthetic polymers are prone to make com plexes, including poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), nylons, poly(Schiff base)s, poly aniline, unsaturated polyhydrocarbons (carbon nano tubes, fullerenes C 60 /C 70 , polyacetylene; iodinePVA being the oldest iodinesynthetic polymer complex.

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confidence: 99%

Molecular iodine/polymer complexes

Moulay

2013

Journal of Polymer Engineering

166

127

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“…Several species can be produced directly by the interaction between the electrons and the polymer. For example, 3 and C 2 H 3 were not observed in the emission spectroscopy because they react to form other species (R8). Many different species are produced by collisions between free electrons generated, by the ionization of the gas, and the polymer.…”

Section: Proposed Mechanisms For Poly(3-octyl Thiophene)-plasmas Decomentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Optical and electrical properties of plasma-polymerized pyrrole films have been previously studied. 3 Effects of such studies as a function of the temperature and the radio frequency (RF) had been done in plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of thiophene. 4 In addition, oxygen plasma treatment introduced oxygencontaining polar functional groups into the surface of the polystyrene and polydimethylsiloxane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emission peaks obtained in pyrrole films indicate that the excited species do take part in the fragmentation mechanisms in plasma polymerization processes. 3 Plasma is commonly employed as a deposition method of polymers (polymerization by plasma), as well as in surface treatments. Optical and electrical properties of plasma-polymerized pyrrole films have been previously studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…can decompose via different channels, but the decomposition into CH 3 1 CHO is predominant because of its lower barrier height of 54 kJ/mol. The CH 3 1 CHO products were observed in molecular beam experiments under collision-free conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Emission spectroscopic analysis of poly(3‐octyl thiophene) exposed to plasmas

Rodrı́guez-Lazcano

Martı́nez

2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Emission spectroscopy was employed to study reaction process of poly(3-octyl thiophene) (P3OT) exposed to helium, nitrogen, air and hydrogen plasmas. The plasma was generated by an AC discharge at a pressure of 2 3 10 22 Pa. The discharge power was maintained at an output of 220 V and a current of 0.2 A. The light emitted was monitored in the case of each plasma. Measurements at various discharge times were made of several emission peaks. The dominant emission bands were assigned to CH 2 at 589.32 nm, S 2 (B 3 S u 2 -X 3 S g 2 ) at 413.35 nm, CH 1 (A 1 P-X 1 S) at 422.51 nm and C 3 H 3 at 344.02 nm.These dominant emission bands indicate that the poly(3-octyl thiophene) was decomposed by plasma interaction. Nevertheless, the reaction between the polymer and nitrogen, hydrogen and air plasmas is more intense than that in the helium plasma. The possible reaction channels and formation mechanisms of some species produced are discussed.

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A Simple Strategy for Constructing Hierarchical Composite Electrodes of PPy‐Posttreated 3D‐Printed Carbon Aerogel with Ultrahigh Areal Capacitance over 8000 mF cm^–2

Yang

Cui

Han

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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the specific capacitances of supercapacitor electrodes measured by area or volume are the primary consideration for electrochemical energy storage within miniaturized footprint area. [11][12][13] Besides, for supercapacitor electrodes, the design of more doses of active materials means that there exists plenty of active sites available for reversible redox reactions. [14] As a result, it seems desirable to configure a supercapacitor electrode with a high mass loading (per unit area or volume) of active materials, such as a relatively dense distribution or a large thickness. However, such designs usually tend to cause the sluggish electron/ion diffusion, as well as the insufficient use of active materials, which instead limits the overall performance of supercapacitors. [15,16] Carbon aerogel (CA) is a type of hierarchically porous material ranging from micropores to macropores, which exhibits excellent application prospects in catalysis, adsorption, sensing, water evaporation, bone regeneration, electromagnetic shielding, and energy storage. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Especially, because of the excellent properties such as abundant porosity, ultrahigh specific surface area, good electrical conductivity, excellent infiltration, and good mass transfer ability, CA is considered as a promising electrode material in supercapacitors. [13,[25][26][27] Over the past few years, many efforts have been focused on modifying the pore size distribution of CA to further improve specific capacitance. The abundant micropores and small mesopores for CA are beneficial to the increase of specific capacitance due to a significant increase in specific surface area and active sites. [28] Interestingly, larger mesopores (20-50 nm) are detrimental to the specific capacitance due to the barrier effect for ion diffusion. [29,30] The precise control of sol-gel process was usually used to avoid these larger mesopores. [31] In addition, macropores, as well as micrometer-level or even sub-millimeter-level channels are also conducive to the improvement of specific capacitance, because of the unimpeded channels for electrolyte entry and replacement. [25,28,[32][33][34][35] However, excessive larger channels are unfavorable for their mechanical properties and loading amount of active materials. [16,23] Therefore, the hierarchical pores ranging from nanometer to sub-millimeter scale other than larger mesopores A well-designed pore structure and optimized interface will improve specific capacitances of carbon-based supercapacitor electrodes significantly. Herein, a simple strategy is used to prepare the hierarchically porous 3D-printed carbon aerogel (CA) electrodes via combining direct ink writing, freezing drying, carbonization, and polypyrrole (PPy) posttreatment. The 3D-printed CA electrodes without PPy present a quasi-proportional increase in areal capacitance as thickness, achieving an extremely high areal capacitance of 6875 mF cm -2 under a thickness of 2.2 mm. Additionally, PPy posttreated 3D-printed CA (PPy@CA) electrode has improve...

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Optical and electrical characterization of plasma polymerized pyrrole films

Cited by 40 publications

References 40 publications

Molecular iodine/polymer complexes

Molecular iodine/polymer complexes

Emission spectroscopic analysis of poly(3‐octyl thiophene) exposed to plasmas

A Simple Strategy for Constructing Hierarchical Composite Electrodes of PPy‐Posttreated 3D‐Printed Carbon Aerogel with Ultrahigh Areal Capacitance over 8000 mF cm^–2

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Optical and electrical characterization of plasma polymerized pyrrole films

Cited by 40 publications

References 40 publications

Molecular iodine/polymer complexes

Molecular iodine/polymer complexes

Emission spectroscopic analysis of poly(3‐octyl thiophene) exposed to plasmas

A Simple Strategy for Constructing Hierarchical Composite Electrodes of PPy‐Posttreated 3D‐Printed Carbon Aerogel with Ultrahigh Areal Capacitance over 8000 mF cm–2

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Product

Resources

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A Simple Strategy for Constructing Hierarchical Composite Electrodes of PPy‐Posttreated 3D‐Printed Carbon Aerogel with Ultrahigh Areal Capacitance over 8000 mF cm^–2