Optical and structural properties of single-crystal lithium niobate thin film

Han, Huijian; Cai, L. Z.; Hu, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2014.12.016

Cited by 69 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In order to achieve the desired LN properties and to avoid light scattering on the multilayer top surface a single-crystal TFLN bonded to an SiO 2 layer on an Si substrate [21] has been used for the on-glass 1DPhC as a first configuration.…”

Section: Fabrication Experimental Details and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evidence of Bloch surface waves on photonic crystals with thin-film LiNbO_3 as a top layer

et al. 2017

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Strong nonlinear, electro-optical, and thermo-optical properties of lithium niobate (LN) have gained much attention. However, the implementation of LiNbO 3 in real devices is not a trivial task due to difficulties in manufacturing and handling thin-film LN. In this study, we investigate an optical device where the Bloch surface wave (BSW) propagates on the thin-film LN to unlock its properties. First, access to the LN film from air (or open space) is important to exploit its properties. Second, for sustaining the BSW, one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPhC) is necessary to be fabricated under the thin-film LN. We consider two material platforms to realize such a device: bulk LN and commercial thin-film LN. Clear reflectance dips observed in far-field measurements demonstrate the propagation of BSWs on top of the LN surface of the designed 1DPhCs.

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Section: Fabrication Experimental Details and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evidence of Bloch surface waves on photonic crystals with thin-film LiNbO_3 as a top layer

et al. 2017

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“…1, we propose using lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) thin film (lithium niobate on insulator, LNOI) as the on-chip material of gyroscope's resonator, which is an ideal platform for integrated optics due to its high-index contrast. By using crystal ion slicing and wafer bonding methods, single-crystal LN thin films possess excellent optical, nonlinear, and electro-optical properties as bulk materials [28][29][30]. The proposed gyro's schematic consists of a ring laser cavity doped with erbium (Er) ions and the double passive enhancement resonators (DPER) as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-chip tunable dispersion in a ring laser gyroscope for enhanced rotation sensing

et al. 2016

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A gyroscope structure with tailored local dispersion profile to enhance sensitivity is proposed, which uses lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) thin film as the on-chip material of gyroscope's resonator. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure as a coupler, which induces a different reference phase shift in each arm, is inserted into the position between ring resonator and output bus waveguide. Through modulating reference phase shift in MZI, theoretical rotation sensitivity enhancement as large as one order of magnitude is presented.

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“…Due to the high E-O coefficient (r 33 = 31.2 pm/V) in LN, high-quality E-O modulators of this type are very valuable in optical communication [11][12][13][14][15]. In the last decade, high-refractive-index contrast in the form of lithium niobate thin film bonded to a SiO 2 layer (lithium niobate on insulator, LNOI) has emerged as an ideal platform for integrated high-performance modulators [16][17][18][19]. A basic challenge in the production of M-ZI modulators in LNOI is the fabrication of high-quality waveguide structures.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The material of the device studied was an x-cut LN thin film bonded to a SiO 2 layer deposited on an LN-substrate [17]. The thicknesses of the LN thin film and the SiO 2 layer were 0.5 µm and 2 µm [30], respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

Design and Optimization of Proton Exchanged Integrated Electro-Optic Modulators in X-Cut Lithium Niobate Thin Film

et al. 2019

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In this study, we designed, simulated, and optimized proton exchanged integrated Mach-Zehnder modulators in a 0.5-µm-thick x-cut lithium niobate thin film. The single-mode conditions, the mode distributions, and the optical power distribution of the lithium niobate channel waveguides are discussed and compared in this study. The design parameters of the Y-branch and the separation distances between the electrodes were optimized. The relationship between the half-wave voltage length production of the electro-optic modulators and the thickness of the proton exchanged region was studied.Electro-Optic (E-O) modulators have recently attracted growing attention in ultra-compact photonic integrated circuits (PICs) [1]. They have extensive applications in optical telecommunication networks and microwave-photonic systems [2]. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer (M-ZI) is one of the most important interference structures in modulators because of its simple design and manufacture, with the existence of a reference arm that compensates for the common-mode effect [3]. Many types of M-ZI-based applications for optical communication have been investigated, such as switches/modulators [4,5], multi/demultiplexers [6,7], and splitters [8,9].Lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 , LN) is one of the most remarkable optical crystal materials due to its combination of excellent E-O and nonlinear optical characteristics [10]. Due to the high E-O coefficient (r 33 = 31.2 pm/V) in LN, high-quality E-O modulators of this type are very valuable in optical communication [11][12][13][14][15]. In the last decade, high-refractive-index contrast in the form of lithium niobate thin film bonded to a SiO 2 layer (lithium niobate on insulator, LNOI) has emerged as an ideal platform for integrated high-performance modulators [16][17][18][19]. A basic challenge in the production of M-ZI modulators in LNOI is the fabrication of high-quality waveguide structures. A few techniques have been developed for fabricating waveguides in LN,, proton exchange (PE) [23], and chemo-mechanical polishing [24]. Compared with other methods, PE is low-cost, has low propagation loss, and is a mature manufacturing method that is compatible with the LN optical waveguide industry [25,26]. Compared with rough-etched side walls, PE waveguides have smooth boundaries. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, to date there have been few reports on proton-exchanged electro-optic modulators in LNOI [23].In this research, we simulated and analyzed a proton-exchanged E-O M-ZI modulator in an x-cut LNOI. Based on the full-vectorial finite-difference method [27], the single-mode conditions of the PE waveguides were investigated, the bending losses of the Y-branch structures were analyzed, and the propagation losses of the PE waveguides with different separation distances between electrodes were simulated. The half-wave voltages of the devices were calculated using the finite difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM) [28,29]. The optimized half-wave voltage-length product (V π ·L) was approxi...

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Optical and structural properties of single-crystal lithium niobate thin film

Cited by 69 publications

References 17 publications

Experimental evidence of Bloch surface waves on photonic crystals with thin-film LiNbO_3 as a top layer

Experimental evidence of Bloch surface waves on photonic crystals with thin-film LiNbO_3 as a top layer

On-chip tunable dispersion in a ring laser gyroscope for enhanced rotation sensing

Design and Optimization of Proton Exchanged Integrated Electro-Optic Modulators in X-Cut Lithium Niobate Thin Film

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