Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Nonproliferative Group 2a Idiopathic Juxtafoveal Retinal Telangiectasis

Abstract

Purpose:To determine the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in eyes with group 2a idiopathic juxtafoveal retinal telangiectasis (IJRT).Methods: Forty-one eyes of 22 patients with nonproliferative group 2a IJRT were examined. OCT testing including retinal topographic mapping and analysis, and horizontal and vertical line scans, was obtained on each eye.Results: None of the 41 eyes had a thickened foveal center. The average center foveal thickness was 166 m (31-264 m). Stage 1 eyes (n ϭ 2) were normal fellow eyes in patients with contralateral group 2a IJRT. Stage 2 eyes (n ϭ 11) all had parafoveolar temporal graying and intraretinal temporal fluorescein leakage, but rarely had photoreceptor disruption (18%) on OCT testing. Stage 3 eyes (n ϭ 14) all had clinical and fluorescein findings similar to or more pronounced than stage 2 eyes. All stage 3 eyes also had one or more foveal cysts at various retinal depths on OCT. Most of these eyes (86%) had photoreceptor disruption and outer retinal atrophy on OCT. Stage 4 eyes (n ϭ 14) all had a black foveal or parafoveolar pigment plaque and intraretinal temporal fluorescein leakage. All stage 4 eyes had a hyper-reflective plaque with shadowing on OCT corresponding to the pigment plaque. Most of these eyes had one or more foveal cysts (64%) and all of these eyes had photoreceptor disruption and outer retinal atrophy.Conclusion: OCT helps in the staging of group 2a IJRT and reveals multiple retinal structural abnormalities.

Eighteen-month follow-up of intravitreal bevacizumab in type 2 idiopathic macular telangiectasia

“…The central neurosensory retina in patients with type 2 IMT may show atrophic changes, and average macular thickness assessed by OCT-analysis was shown to be subnormal 4 10 11. It was recently hypothesised that macular neurosensory thinning might be an initial and characteristic finding in type 2 IMT but that patients often present with normal thickness measurements due to a superimposed low-grade macular oedema 8.…”

The Clinical Spectrum of Microcystic Macular Edema

“…8 Microcystic macular edema is not restricted to neurologic etiologies and has been described in ARMD, group 2A idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis, and tamoxifen retinopathy. 3,[11][12][13][14] Following the original description of MME, 1 it might be suggested that because of the almost exclusive localization of MME within the poorly vascularized perimacular rim, a relationship may exist with Müller cell function. Anatomically, Müller cells transverse through the entire retina from the inner limiting membrane down to the basal membrane, with the bulk of their cell bodies residing in the INL.…”

Morphologic Characteristics of Idiopathic Juxtafoveal Telangiectasia Using Spectral-Domain and Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography

“…[1][2][3] Furthermore, disease-specific characteristics include presence of intraretinal pigmentary changes and deposits. 6,7 Optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings may indicate hyporeflective intraretinal spaces and decreased central retinal thickness values, [8][9][10][11] and intraretinal cysts or partial loss of the highly reflective boundary between the junction between the inner and outer photoreceptor segments (IS/OS junction). 12 Optical coherence tomography, as a noninvasive imaging technique, has become increasingly important as a diagnostic modality in the process of posterior segment evaluation, particularly with the implementation of spectral-domain (SD) technology, 13,14 offering high-resolution raster scan images of central retinal pathology.…”