Optical coupling to nanoscale optomechanical cavities for near quantum-limited motion transduction

Cohen, Justin D.; Meenehan, Seán M.; Painter, Oskar

doi:10.1364/oe.21.011227

Cited by 64 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The entire APCW contains 260 unit cells with a lattice constant a ¼ 371 nm, and is terminated on each end by a mode matching section of 40 cells with tapered sinusoidal modulation and a transition section from a double-to a singlenanobeam waveguide. Input to and output from the device is achieved through an optical fibre butt-coupled to one of the single-nanobeam waveguides 44 (Methods). The one-way efficiency for propagation from the APCW to the fibre mode is T wf C0.6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Caesium atoms are delivered to the region surrounding the APCW by a threestage process of transport and cooling (Methods). The resulting 44 to the free end of the waveguide (II) which is supported by a tether array (III). Near the centre of the through window, the waveguide transitions into a double nanobeam, followed by tapering (IV) and APCW (V) sections, and again tapers out to terminate into the substrate (VI).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) is positioned at the centre. The suspended waveguide extends beyond the window into a V-groove etched into the Si substrate and then reduces in width for efficient coupling to a conventional optical fibre 44 (sections I-II of Supplementary Figs 1 and 2). The silicon anisotropic etch that forms the window also forms the V-groove, which serves to centre the fibre to the waveguide.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, we have fabricated the integrated optical circuit with a photonic crystal whose optical bands are aligned with atomic transitions for both trapping and interfacing atoms with guided photons 41,43 . The quasi-1D PCW incorporates a novel design that has been fabricated in silicon nitride (SiN) 43,44 (Methods) and integrated into an apparatus for delivering cold caesium atoms into the near field of the SiN structure. From a series of measurements of reflection spectra with N ¼ 1:1 AE 0:4 atoms coupling to the PCW, we infer that the rate of single-atom radiative decay into the waveguide mode is G 1D C(0.32 ± 0.08)G 0 , where G 1D is the emission rate without enhancement or inhibition due to an external cavity and G 0 is the radiative decay rate into all other channels.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Atom–light interactions in photonic crystals

et al. 2014

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The integration of nanophotonics and atomic physics has been a long-sought goal that would open new frontiers for optical physics, including novel quantum transport and many-body phenomena with photon-mediated atomic interactions. Reaching this goal requires surmounting diverse challenges in nanofabrication and atomic manipulation. Here we report the development of a novel integrated optical circuit with a photonic crystal capable of both localizing and interfacing atoms with guided photons. Optical bands of a photonic crystal waveguide are aligned with selected atomic transitions. From reflection spectra measured with average atom number N ¼ 1:1 AE 0:4, we infer that atoms are localized within the waveguide by optical dipole forces. The fraction of single-atom radiative decay into the waveguide is G 1D /G 0 C(0.32 ± 0.08), where G 1D is the rate of emission into the guided mode and G 0 is the decay rate into all other channels. G 1D /G 0 is unprecedented in all current atom-photon interfaces.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atom–light interactions in photonic crystals

et al. 2014

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“…[19]]. In order to aid efficient optical coupling, the Si waveguide is tapered down to a tip of width 225 nm, providing mode matching between fiber and waveguide [20,21].…”

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confidence: 99%

Silicon optomechanical crystal resonator at millikelvin temperatures

et al. 2014

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Optical measurements of a nanoscale silicon optomechanical crystal cavity with a mechanical resonance frequency of 3.6 GHz are performed at subkelvin temperatures. We infer optical-absorption-induced heating and damping of the mechanical resonator from measurements of phonon occupancy and motional sideband asymmetry. At the lowest probe power and lowest fridge temperature (T f = 10 mK), the localized mechanical resonance is found to couple at a rate of γ i /2π = 400 Hz (Q m = 9×10 6 ) to a thermal bath of temperature T b ≈ 270 mK. These measurements indicate that silicon optomechanical crystals cooled to millikelvin temperatures should be suitable for a variety of experiments involving coherent coupling between photons and phonons at the single quanta level. The coupling of a mechanical object's motion to the electromagnetic field of a high finesse cavity forms the basis of various precision measurements [1], from large-scale gravitational wave detection [2] to microscale accelerometers [3]. Recent work utilizing both optical and microwave cavities coupled to mesoscopic mechanical resonators has shown the capability to prepare and detect such resonators close to their quantum ground state of motion using radiation pressure backaction [4][5][6][7]. Optomechanical crystals (OMCs), in which band gaps for both optical and mechanical waves can be introduced through patterning of a material, provide a means for strongly interacting nanomechanical resonators with near-infrared light [8]. Beyond the usual paradigm of cavity optomechanics involving isolated single mechanical elements [9,10], OMCs can be fashioned into planar circuits for photons and phonons, and arrays of optomechanical elements can be interconnected via optical and acoustic waveguides [11]. Such coupled OMC arrays have been proposed as a way to realize quantum optomechanical memories [12], nanomechanical circuits for continuous variable quantum information processing [13] and phononic quantum networks [14], and as a platform for engineering and studying quantum many-body physics of optomechanical metamaterials [15][16][17].The realization of optomechanical systems in the quantum regime is predicated upon the ability to limit thermal noise in the mechanics while simultaneously introducing large coherent coupling between optical and mechanical degrees of freedom. In this regard, laser back-action cooling has recently been employed in simple OMC cavity systems [6,18] consisting of a one-dimensional (1D) nanobeam resonator surrounded by a two-dimensional (2D) phononic band gap.

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Efficient Fiber‐to‐Chip Interface via an Intermediated CdS Nanowire

Jin

Yang

Huang

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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An efficient fiber-to-chip interface via an intermediated CdS nanowire is demonstrated. The fiber mode is firstly squeezed through a fiber taper drawn at the end of a single-mode fiber, then evanescently coupled into an intermediated CdS nanowire with a longitudinally tapering profile, and finally coupled into an on-chip silicon waveguide (SiW) via a waveguide taper fabricated on it. Since the fiber-nanowire-SiW cascade structure is designed to match effective indices in each coupling area, such a fiber-to-chip interface ensures a bidirectional coupling efficiency up to 90% and a 3-dB bandwidth over 100 nm in experiments. The difference of coupling efficiencies between the TM or TE modes is less than 0.5 dB in the spectral range of 1545-1635 nm. The footprint of the on-chip coupling structure is about 10 µm in size. The results may provide a compact, efficient, and versatile fiber-to-chip interface in applications including optical interconnects, coherent communication, and quantum optical circuitry.

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Optical coupling to nanoscale optomechanical cavities for near quantum-limited motion transduction

Cited by 64 publications

References 25 publications

Atom–light interactions in photonic crystals

Atom–light interactions in photonic crystals

Silicon optomechanical crystal resonator at millikelvin temperatures

Efficient Fiber‐to‐Chip Interface via an Intermediated CdS Nanowire

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