Optical Feedback Self-Mixing Interferometry With a Large Feedback Factor $C$: Behavior Studies

Yu, Yanguang; Xi, Jiangtao; Chicharo, J.F.; Bosch, Thierry

doi:10.1109/jqe.2009.2013153

Cited by 61 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…1, consisting of an SL, a lens and a target. The optical feedback from the external cavity modulates the SL power, which then can be used to measure the movement of the external cavity or retrieve system parameters of an SMI [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the feedback parameter of a semiconductor laser with external optical feedback

Yu¹,

Xi²,

Chicharo³

2011

Opt. Express

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Feedback parameter (the C factor) is an important parameter for a semiconductor laser operating in the regime of external optical feedback. Self-mixing interferometry (SMI) has been proposed for the measurement of the parameter, based on the time-domain analysis of the output power waveforms (called SMI signals) in presence of feedback. However, the existing approaches only work for a limited range of C, below about 3.5. This paper presents a new method to measure C based on analysis of the phase signal of SMI signals in the frequency domain. The proposed method covers a large range of C values, up to about 10. Simulations and experimental results are presented for verification of the proposed method. Abstract: Feedback parameter (the C factor) is an important parameter for a semiconductor laser operating in the regime of external optical feedback. Selfmixing interferometry (SMI) has been proposed for the measurement of the parameter, based on the time-domain analysis of the output power waveforms (called SMI signals) in presence of feedback. However, the existing approaches only work for a limited range of C, below about 3.5. This paper presents a new method to measure C based on analysis of the phase signal of SMI signals in the frequency domain. The proposed method covers a large range of C values, up to about 10. Simulations and experimental results are presented for verification of the proposed method. Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the feedback parameter of a semiconductor laser with external optical feedback

Yu¹,

Xi²,

Chicharo³

2011

Opt. Express

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“…In Fig. 1, we also indicate the different feedback regimes defined by the value of C , where weak feedback regime is for 1  C , moderate feedback regime for 1 4.6   C and strong feedback regime for 4.6  C [21]. From Fig.…”

Section: Stability Boundary Of An Smi Systemmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The feedback level is measured by a factor C defined in [20][21][22]. However, with the change of operational conditions, such as injection current and parameters associated with the external cavity including C and external cavity length, the LD can also exhibit unstable behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For 1  C , equation (8) may yield multiple possible s  , and the SMI signal shows asymmetric hysteresis and produces sawtooth-like fringes. The mechanism of generating an SMI signal as well as its behavior with respect to C has been well-established and presented in [8,20,21,26,27]. However, when the system enters into the unstable state, the premise for deriving the stationary solutions will be no longer valid, thus leading to the actual behavior of the system can not be described by the existing SMI model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic stability analysis for a self-mixing interferometry system

Fan

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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A self-mixing interferometry (SMI) system is a laser diode (LD) with an external cavity formed by a moving external target. The behavior of an SMI system is governed by the injection current J to the LD and the parameters associated with the external cavity mainly including optical feedback factor C , the initial external cavity length ( L0 ) and the light phase (∅0) which is mapped to the movement of the target. In this paper, we investigate the dynamic behavior of an SMI system by using the Lang-Kobayashi model. The stability boundary of such system is presented in the plane of (C , ∅0), from which a critical C (denoted as Ccritical) is derived. Both simulations and experiments show that the stability can be enhanced by increasing either L0 or J . Furthermore, three regions on the plane of (C , ∅0) are proposed to characterize the behavior of an SMI system, including stable, semi-stable and unstable regions. We found that the existing SMI model is only valid for the stable region, and the semi-stable region has potential applications on sensing and measurement but needs remodeling the system by considering the bandwidth of the detection components. Abstract: A self-mixing interferometry (SMI) system is a laser diode (LD) with an external cavity formed by a moving external target. The behavior of an SMI system is governed by the injection current J to the LD and the parameters associated with the external cavity mainly including optical feedback factor C , the initial external cavity length ( 0 L ) and the light phase ( 0  ) which is mapped to the movement of the target. In this paper, we investigate the dynamic behavior of an SMI system by using the LangKobayashi model. The stability boundary of such system is presented in the plane of ( C , 0  ), from which a critical C (denoted as critical C ) is derived. Both simulations and experiments show that the stability can be enhanced by increasing either 0 L or J . Furthermore, three regions on the plane of ( C , 0  ) are proposed to characterize the behavior of an SMI system, including stable, semi-stable and unstable regions. We found that the existing SMI model is only valid for the stable region, and the semistable region has potential applications on sensing and measurement but needs re-modeling the system by considering the bandwidth of the detection components. Disciplines Engineering | Science and Technology Studies

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“…The SMI has been extensively studied by various scholars and a widely accepted mathematical model based on the Lang Kobayashi equation has been studied. To investigate the analytical relationship between Young's modulus and the modulated laser power, it is rewritten below [14][15][16][17][18][19] :…”

Section: Principle Of Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

System implementation of self-mixing interferometry technique-based measurement on Young's modulus

Lin

Liu

et al. 2014

SPIE Proceedings

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. (2014). System implementation of self-mixing interferometry technique-based measurement on Young's modulus. Proceedings of SPIE: Optical Metrology and Inspection for Industrial Applications III (pp. 92760K-1-92760K-8). United States: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. System implementation of self-mixing interferometry technique-based measurement on Young' s modulus AbstractYoung's modulus (denoted by E) is an intrinsic and valuable quantity for appropriate estimation of material performance. E can be obtained from the resonant frequency from the vibration of the tested material sample excited by the external forces. In this paper, we present a system design for determining the parameter by using an optical feedback self-mixing interferometry (OFSMI) system. An OFSMI system consists of a laser diode (LD), a micro-lens and an external target. The material sample to be tested is used as the external target. The vibration of the sample causes the variation of the length of the external cavity, and then causes a modulated laser power of the LD. The modulation contains the vibration information of the tested samples. The OFSMI system can achieve high measurement accuracy with an extremely simple and inexpensive set-up, thus can be thought as a good candidate for the evaluation of material properties. The system design in this work includes the mechanical part for holding and exciting the tested samples and the optical part for picking up the vibration information from the samples. In order to accurately determinate E, the exclusive supporting system is used for holding the material sample of specific dimension. The complex waveform of the LD output power is studied and simulated by using our proposed system model. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experiments, and satisfied accuracy of the experiments is achieved. ABSTRACTYoung's modulus (denoted by E) is an intrinsic and valuable quantity for appropriate estimation of material performance. E can be obtained from the resonant frequency from the vibration of the tested material sample excited by the external forces. In this paper, we present a system design for determining the parameter by using an optical feedback self-mixing interferometry (OFSMI) system. An OFSMI system consists of a laser diode (LD), a micro-lens and an external target.The material sample to be tested is used as the external target. The vibration of the sample causes the variation of the length of the external cavity, and then causes a modulated laser power of the LD. The modulation contains the vibration information of the tested samples. The OFSMI system can achieve high measurement accuracy with an extremely simple and inexpensive set-up, thus can be thought as a good candidate for the evaluation of material properties. The system design in this work includes the mechanical part for holding and exciting the tested samples and the optical part for picking up the vibration information from the samples. In order to accurately determinate E, the exclusive support...

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Optical Feedback Self-Mixing Interferometry With a Large Feedback Factor $C$: Behavior Studies

Cited by 61 publications

References 28 publications

Measuring the feedback parameter of a semiconductor laser with external optical feedback

Measuring the feedback parameter of a semiconductor laser with external optical feedback

Dynamic stability analysis for a self-mixing interferometry system

System implementation of self-mixing interferometry technique-based measurement on Young's modulus

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